国际生殖健康/计划生育杂志

国际生殖健康/计划生育 ›› 2013, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (4): 254-257.

• 综述 • 上一篇    下一篇

口服避孕药中雌激素的应用和进展

王 骁,熊承良   

  1. 430030 武汉，华中科技大学同济医学院计划生育研究所/生殖医学中心
  • 收稿日期:1900-01-01 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:2013-07-15 发布日期:2013-07-15
  • 通讯作者: 熊承良

Application and Progress of Estrogen Oral Contraceptives

WANG Xiao，XIONG Cheng-liang   

  1. Family Planning Research Institute/Center of Reproductive Medicine，Tongji Medical School，Huazhong University of Science and Technology，Wuhan 430030，China
  • Received:1900-01-01 Revised:1900-01-01 Published:2013-07-15 Online:2013-07-15
  • Contact: XIONG Cheng-liang

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摘要： 复方口服避孕药（combined oral contraceptives，COCs）是目前甾体激素控制生育的主要方法。半个世纪以来，国内外的学者们不断地研制出更安全、可靠、有效的COCs，其主要成分雌激素在化学组成上更是经历了发展变化。综述现代COCs的早期开发和雌激素的发展进程。阐述炔雌醇和美雌醇2种雌激素的避孕机制。目前COCs中雌激素的主要研究方向是降低其剂量，使人体对药物的敏感性和依从性达到一个最适效应浓度，同时也在寻找一种比炔雌醇更优越的雌激素。

关键词: 避孕药, 口服, 复合, 雌激素类, 炔雌醇, 美雌醇, 左炔诺孕酮

Abstract: The combined oral contraceptives（COCs） are the main methods with steroidal hormones for birth control at present. For half a century，the more safe，reliable and effective COCs were continuously developed. The chemical composition of estrogen in COCs have also been improved. This article summarized the early process of modern COCs and the development of estrogen，as well as the contraceptive mechanism of ethinylestradiol and mestranol. The two developing areas of estrogen in COCs are as follows：to reduce its dose to achieve an optimal concentration for the body′s sensitivity and compliance，to find some better estrogens than ethinyl estradiol.

Key words: Contraceptives, oral, combined, Estrogens, Ethinyl estradiol, Mestranol, Levonorgestrel