关键词: 胚胎发育, 基因组, 基因表达调控, 发育期, 序列分析, 非整倍性

Abstract: With recent advances in the non-invasive imaging techniques and molecular and genomic technologies，study on the development of human pre-implantation embryo has been progressed. Time-lapse imaging of human embryos was used to observe the first three mitotic divisions, which can predict the success or failure of development of blastocyst. The embryo scope is currently used by a number of IVF clinics throughout the world. Time-lapse technology was used to assess the rate of cleavage divisions and the spatial pattern of embryonic development. The development of human pre-implantation embryo is characterized by reprogramming, including the fusion of egg and sperm pronuclei, epigenetic reprogramming and modification，an extensive wave of degradation of maternal transcripts, and the activation of nascent human embryonic genome. It is generally considered that a major wave of the activation of embryonic genome is between the 4- and 8-cell stages. The lineage commitment study showed that each cell of human embryo at the 8-cell stage can autonomously develop, suggesting that the different cell at this stage was not differentiated to the trophectoderm（TE） or inner cell mass（ICM）. Genomic analyses of single human oocytes and single-cell RNA sequencing of human oocytes and embryos had been reported.

Key words: Embryonic development, Genome, Gene expression regulation, developmental, Sequence analysis, Aneuploidy