Abstract: Biliary atresia （BA） is one of the most significant life-threatening hepatobiliary disorders in infant. Those patients with BA could die in the first year of life if not treated timely. The etiology of BA is unclear. It may be related to genetic factors，viral infections，immune dysregulations，etc. Reasonable application of noninvasive techniques，such as B-ultrasound for prenatal screening，can effectively prevent BA and really reduce the incidence of BA. The preferred treatment for BA is hepatoportoenterostomy which was proposed by Kasai in 1959. Early diagnosis and early treatment are critical to increase the rate of successful operation and to improve the quality of life. So，it is important to promote the early screening of BA.

Key words: Biliary atresia, Neonatal screening, Prenatal diagnosis, Ultrasonography, prenatal