Abstract: With the improvement of ultrasound technology and application, more endometrial thickening of postmenopausal women were found. According to whether there is vaginal bleeding, the endometrial thickening in postmenopausal women is divided into two groups，postmenopausal endometrial thickening with vaginal bleeding and asymptomatic postmenopausal endometrial thickening. The etiologies and pathologies of postmenopausal endometrial thickening are complicated. There is no clinical symptom, or only accompanied by vaginal bleeding, at the early stage of disease. Diagnostic curettage, or combined with hysteroscopy, is the primary way to diagnose endometrial diseases. Currently, the relationship between endometrial thickness and endometrial diseases is unclear. The evaluation standards of endometrial thickness are different between the two groups. However, the evaluation endometrial thickness is important for gynecologists to consider further examination to diagnose early and treat endometrial diseases. This article summarizes the causes, diagnosis and treatment of postmenopausal endometrial thickening.

Key words: Postmenopause, Endometrial hyperplasia, Uterine hemorrhage, Ultrasonography, doppler, color, Hysteroscopy, Endometrial thickening