Abstract: The clinical data of a pregnant woman with a complete hydatidiform mole after in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET) were retrospectively analyzed. This patient was a twin pregnancy with a large amount of vaginal bleeding in the early stage of pregnancy. She had been initially misdiagnosed as threatened abortion due to the absence of typical manifestations of hydatidiform mole by B-mode ultrasonography. After one month of treatment, the diagnosis of twin pregnancy with a hydatidiform mole was made by the result of B-mode ultrasonography combined with the value of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). The uterine curettage was performed under the guidance of B-mode ultrasonography. Histopathological examination showed a partial hydatidiform mole, and chromosome examination showed a complete hydatidiform mole. After operation, with the treatment of traditional Chinese medicine, the level of hCG decreased significantly, and the patient did not report any symptoms in the follow-up. Prenatal diagnosis is extremely important for the diagnosis. The pathological diagnosis cannot be the diagnostic criteria for identifying complete moles and partial moles. For the treatment of a twin pregnancy with a hydatidiform mole, comprehensive consideration should be suggested. In principle, the pregnancy should be terminated in time for one partial hydatidiform mole of the twin, and the individualized diagnosis and treatment should be suggested for one complete hydatidiform mole of the twin.

Key words: Pregnancy, twin, Hydatidiform mole, Reproductive techniques, assisted, Case reports