Abstract: The empty spiracles homeobox 2 （EMX2） is homolog of the Drosophila head gap gene empty spiracles（ems） homeobox gene. The normal developments of human urogenital system and pelvis are dependent on the regulation of EMX2. EMX2 expressed in adult reproductive tract with cyclical changes，which regulated normal endometrial remodeling and blastocyst implantation. The upstream genes of EMX2 are HOXA10，Spastin and Ghrelin，while the downstream genes of EMX2 were reported less. EMX2 is related to the occurrence of endometriosis. With continuous study in future，we believe that the effect of EMX2 gene，as well as its clinical application in infertility and ART，will be revealed.

Key words: Genes, homeobox, Urogenital system, Pelvis, Endometriosis, Reproductive techniques, assisted, Infertility, female