Abstract: Falloposcope, a microendoscopy for the inspection of inner side of fallopian tube, can enter into fallopian tube with the guide of hysteroscopy, laparoscopy and fertiloscopy, or without the guide. Not only can falloposcope be used for the examination of tubal patency, including stenosis, obstruction, adhesions, hyperemia, hydrops, polyps, diverticulum, endometriotic lesions and so on, but also used for the biopsy of lesion and the dredge of fallopian tube. Falloposcope can be used to evaluate the function of fallopian tube, correcting the false positive and false negative results of the traditional test. It means that falloposcope can be employed for both diagnosis and treatment. Moreover, the causes of some tubal infertility can be clarified by falloposcope. The in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET) is preferred for those patients with serious tubal lesions, while surgical treatment can increase the natural pregnancy chance for patients with mild tubal lesions. With the development of reproductive medicine technology and the deep study on fallopian tube, the advantages of falloposcopy have been showed, especially its irreplaceable role in the diagnosis and treatment of tubal disease. This review focuses on the progress of diagnosis and treatment of falloposcopy at home and abroad in recent years，and summarizes the clinical application value of it.

Key words: Hysteroscopy, Endoscopy; , Fallopian tubes, Infertility, female