国际生殖健康/计划生育杂志

国际生殖健康/计划生育 ›› 2010, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (6): 418-421.

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

青少年性与生殖健康教育干预的效果证据及决策思考

高尔生,张鹏,朱虔兮   

  1. 200032 上海，复旦大学，上海市计划生育科学研究所
  • 收稿日期:1900-01-01 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:2010-11-15 发布日期:2010-11-15

The Effective Evidence and Critical Thinking of Sex and Reproductive Health Interventions for Youth

GAO Er-sheng，ZHANG Peng，ZHU Qian-xi   

  1. Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research，Shanghai 200032，China
  • Received:1900-01-01 Revised:1900-01-01 Published:2010-11-15 Online:2010-11-15

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摘要： 目的：对青少年性和生殖健康的干预决策及今后研究提供建议。方法：世界卫生组织
（WHO）将生殖健康的Cochrane 系统评价通过生殖健康图书馆（RHL）提供给全世界。检索RHL（2009，第
12 版）中所有有关青少年性与生殖健康干预的系统评价，并对其评价结果和方法进行综合评述。结果：共
纳入7 篇系统评价，其中包括168 项干预研究，研究对象至少包括了147 265名青少年。系统评价的结局
指标包括知识、态度、避孕套应用意愿、禁欲增多、初次性交年龄、性伴数、性交频率、无保护性交、避孕应
用、避孕套应用、性传播疾病（STD）诊断病例及服务利用共计12 项指标。系统评价结果显示：①干预后青
少年的知识明显改善。②态度和避孕意愿亦有改善。③青少年初次性交年龄有所推迟，性交频率有所减
少。④青少年在干预后性伴数减少、无保护危险性行为减少。⑤避孕行为，尤其是避孕套应用增加较为肯
定。结论：综合7 项系统评价的结果可以看出，目前青少年性与生殖健康教育干预有轻或中等效果；但不
少的干预研究在设计方面及系统评价对研究的有效性评估上有明显缺陷，需要加强和改进。

关键词: 青少年, 性教育, 健康教育, 性行为, 系统评价, 干预性研究, 研究设计

Abstract: Objective：To provide suggestions for future decision鄄making and studies of adolescent sex
and reproductive health interventions. Methods：World Health Organization （宰匀韵） provides Cochrane
systematic reviews for the world by Reproductive Health Library （砸匀蕴）. An extensive search of systematic
reviews about adolescent sex and reproductive health interventions of RHL（2009，12th version）was undertaken.
A pooled analysis and summary was taken about these systematic reviews. Results：Total 7 systematic reviews
were selected and 168 studies that recruited at least 147 265 adolescents were included. The outcome indicators
of these reviews included knowledge，attitude，willingness of condom use，abstinence increase，the age of first
coitus，number of sexual partners，sexual frequency，unprotected sex，contraception use，condom use，STD
diagnosis and service utilization. The results of these systematic reviews were displayed as follows: 淤The
knowledge of sex and reproductive health significantly increased among intervened adolescents. 于The attitude
and willingness of contraception use were improved. 盂The age of adolescent first coitus was postponed，and their
sexual frequencies decreased. 榆After adolescents received education and training，the number of their sexual
partners decreased. 虞Contraception use，especially condom use obviously increased. Conclusions：Based on
results of these 7 systematic reviews，current intervention programs of sex and reproductive health for youth are
mildly or moderately effective. But there are significant flaws in the designs of some intervention studies and the
effectiveness evaluation of these included studies need to be strengthened and improved.

Key words: Adolescent, Sex education, Health education, Sexual behavior, Systematic review, Intervention studies, Research design