国际生殖健康/计划生育杂志

国际生殖健康/计划生育杂志 ›› 2023, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (6): 441-445.doi: 10.12280/gjszjk.20230136

• 论著 •    下一篇

围绝经期和绝经后女性对绝经相关的性功能障碍的认知情况调查

左圣兰, 温玉娟, 徐小芳, 金龙妹, 顾晓青, 王瑛, 王柏松, 许泓, 周蒨()   

  1. 200030 上海，中国福利会国际和平妇幼保健院中医妇科（左圣兰，温玉娟，许泓，周蒨）;上海市徐汇区妇幼保健所（徐小芳）;上海市闵行区妇幼保健院（金龙妹）;上海市奉贤区西渡街道社区卫生服务中心（顾晓青）;上海市奉贤区平安社区卫生服务中心（王瑛）;上海交通大学医学院临床研究中心（王柏松）
  • 收稿日期:2023-03-27 出版日期:2023-11-15 发布日期:2023-11-09
  • 通讯作者: 周蒨 E-mail:zhouqian202086@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    上海市老龄化和妇儿健康研究专项(2020YJZX0132)

Investigation on the Cognitive Attitude of Perimenopausal and Postmenopausal Women to Menopause-Related Sexual Dysfunction

ZUO Sheng-lan, WEN Yu-juan, XU Xiao-fang, JIN Long-mei, GU Xiao-qing, WANG Ying, WANG Bai-song, XU Hong, ZHOU Qian()   

  1. Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Gynecology, International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital of China Welfare Institute, Shanghai 200030, China (ZUO Sheng-lan, WEN Yu-juan, XU Hong, ZHOU Qian); Xuhui District Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Shanghai 200235, China (XU Xiao-fang); Minhang District Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Shanghai 201102, China (JIN Long-mei); Xidu Street Community Health Service Center of Fengxian District, Shanghai 201401, China (GU Xiao-qing); Ping′an Community Health Service Center of Fengxian District, Shanghai 201400, China (WANG Ying); Clinical Research Center of Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, China (WANG Bai-song)
  • Received:2023-03-27 Published:2023-11-15 Online:2023-11-09
  • Contact: ZHOU Qian E-mail:zhouqian202086@163.com

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摘要：

目的：调查围绝经期及绝经后女性对绝经相关性功能障碍的认知、观点和态度，为中年女性性健康保健提供指导。方法：共筛查1 002名于2021年3月—2022年6月在上海徐汇区、闵行区和奉贤区3个区的妇幼保健所和社区卫生服务中心就诊或体检的女性，对符合纳入标准的870例女性采用问卷调查的方式进行横断面调查研究，收集其人口社会经济状况以及对绝经相关性功能障碍的认知、观点和态度。结果：共收回完整问卷831份，问卷有效率95.5%（831/870）。仅291名（35.0%）调查对象知晓女性性功能障碍这种疾病，255名（30.7%）调查对象知晓绝经相关性功能障碍主要由绝经相关的性激素水平下降引起。不同年龄、文化程度、职业、家庭收入、户口类型、户口所在地的调查对象的知晓率比较，差异有统计学意义（均P<0.05）。Logistic回归分析表明，文化程度为大专及以上（OR=5.237，95%CI：3.071~8.928，P<0.001）和专业技术人员（OR=3.291， 95%CI：1.184~9.125，P=0.022）对绝经相关性功能障碍知晓率更高。仅有141名（17.0%）调查对象表示与医生谈起过自己所经历的绝经相关性功能障碍症状，747名（89.9%）调查对象表示没有足够的信息来源。696名（83.8%）调查对象表示从未治疗过。结论：围绝经期和绝经后女性对绝经相关的性功能障碍知晓率低，治疗率低，因而从事妇女保健的人员应对中年女性加强性健康科普宣传和健康教育，以提高其就诊率和治疗率，从而提高中年女性的生活质量。

关键词: 围绝经期, 绝经后期, 女性性功能障碍, 绝经生殖泌尿综合征, 认知

Abstract:

Objective: To investigate the cognition, views and attitudes of perimenopausal and postmenopausal women to menopause-related sexual dysfunction, and to provide guidance for sexual health care for middle-aged women. Methods: A total of 1 002 women who went to Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital and Community Health Service Center of Xuhui, Minhang and Fengxian District for medical treatment or physical examination were screened from March 2021 to June 2022. 870 women who met the inclusion criteria were investigated by questionnaire in a cross-sectional way, and their population socio-economic status, cognition, views and attitudes towards menopause-related sexual dysfunction were collected. Results: A total of 831 completed questionnaires were collected, with an effective rate of 95.5%(831/870). 291(35.0%) of the respondents knew female sexual dysfunction, and 255(30.7%) of the respondents knew that menopause-related sexual dysfunction was mainly caused by the decline of menopause-related sex hormone levels. There was a statistically significant difference in the awareness rate among respondents of different ages, educational levels, occupations, family income, household registration types, and household registration locations(all P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that education level of junior college degrees or above (OR=5.237, 95%CI: 3.071-8.928, P<0.001) and professional technical personnel (OR=3.291, 95%CI: 1.184-9.125, P=0.022) have a higher awareness rate of menopause-related sexual dysfunction. Only 141(17.0%) respondents reported having talked to doctors about their experience of menopause-related sexual dysfunction symptoms, 747(89.9%) stated that they do not have sufficient sources of information. 83.8%(696) of the surveyed respondents reported never receiving treatment. Conclusions: Perimenopausal and postmenopausal women have a low awareness and treatment rate of menopause-related sexual dysfunction. Therefore, the personnel engaged in women′s health care should strengthen sexual health science popularization and health education for middle-aged women to improve their medical and treatment rates, thereby improving their quality of life.

Key words: Perimenopause, Postmenopause, Female sexual dysfuction, Genitourinary syndrome of menopause, Cognition