基于PI3K/Akt信号通路探讨中药单体及复方治疗多囊卵巢综合征的机制

doi:10.12280/gjszjk.20240607

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

多囊卵巢综合征（polycystic ovary syndrome，PCOS）病理生理过程涉及胰岛素信号通路异常、慢性炎症反应等，磷脂酰肌醇3激酶/蛋白激酶B（phosphoinositide-3 kinase/protein kinase B，PI3K/Akt）是涉及其中的一条重要信号通路，该通路在调控细胞生长、增殖、自噬和凋亡等生物学过程中发挥关键作用。研究表明，PI3K/Akt信号通路的异常激活与PCOS患者的胰岛素抵抗（insulin resistance，IR）、卵巢功能障碍及子宫内膜功能改变等病理过程密切相关。中医药在治疗PCOS领域展现出独特优势，中药单体及复方干预可显著改善PCOS患者的IR状态，调节糖脂代谢和性激素水平，促进卵泡发育及排卵，提高妊娠率。研究发现，中药单体及复方制剂可通过调控PI3K/Akt信号通路及其下游靶点因子，有效调节卵巢颗粒细胞的生长、增殖、自噬及凋亡等生物学活动。与西药相比，中药治疗具有整体调节、不良反应较少等优势。综述中药调控PI3K/Akt信号通路治疗PCOS的研究进展，以期为PCOS的治疗提供思路，同时为中医药现代化研究提供理论参考。

关键词: 多囊卵巢综合征, 磷酸肌醇3-激酶类, 原癌基因蛋白质c-akt, 中药, 复方

Abstract:

The pathophysiological process of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) involves multiple dysfunctions such as abnormal insulin signaling pathway and chronic inflammatory response, among which the phosphoinositide-3 kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt) pathway is an important intracellular signaling pathway. The PI3K/Akt pathway involves in regulating biological processes such as cell growth, proliferation, autophagy and apoptosis. Studies have shown that the abnormal activation of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway is closely related to the pathological processes of insulin resistance (IR), ovarian and /or endometrial dysfunction in PCOS patients. In recent years, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has shown unique advantages in the treatment of PCOS. TCM monomers and compound preparations can significantly improve the status of insulin receptor, regulate glucose and lipid metabolism and sex hormone levels, promote follicle development and ovulation, and increase pregnancy rate. It has been found that TCM monomers and compound preparations can effectively regulate the growth, proliferation, autophagy and apoptosis of ovarian granulosa cells by regulating the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and its downstream target factors. Compared with western medicine, TCM has the advantages of overall regulation and fewer adverse reactions. In order to provide ideas for the treatment of PCOS, and a theoretical reference for the modernization of TCM, we review the research progress of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in the treatment of PCOS.

Key words: Polycystic ovary syndrome, Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinases, Proto-oncogene proteins c-akt, Traditional Chinese drugs, Compounds

马颖琪, 李佳丽, 冯梦枝, 石百超, 王宇, 高敬书, 吴效科. 基于PI3K/Akt信号通路探讨中药单体及复方治疗多囊卵巢综合征的机制[J]. 国际生殖健康/计划生育杂志, 2025, 44(3): 220-226.

MA Ying-qi, LI Jia-li, FENG Meng-zhi, SHI Bai-chao, WANG Yu, GAO Jing-shu, WU Xiao-ke. The Mechanism of Chinese Medicine Monomers and Compounds in Treatment of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, Based on PI3K/Akt Signaling Pathway[J]. Journal of International Reproductive Health/Family Planning, 2025, 44(3): 220-226.

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