国际生殖健康/计划生育杂志

国际生殖健康/计划生育 ›› 2010, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (4): 309-311.

• 讲座 • 上一篇    下一篇

性连锁遗传

裴开颜   

  1. 100081 北京，国家人口计生委科学技术研究所
  • 收稿日期:1900-01-01 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:2010-07-15 发布日期:2010-07-15

Sex-Linked Inheritance

PEI Kai-yan.   

  1. National Research Institute for Family Planning，Beijing 100081，China
  • Received:1900-01-01 Revised:1900-01-01 Published:2010-07-15 Online:2010-07-15

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摘要： 性连锁指性染色体上的基因控制的某些性状伴随性别而遗传的现象。在人类，由于X 染
色体上的基因比Y 染色体上的多，因此X 连锁遗传病较Y连锁遗传病更多见。从医学遗传学角度，对性
连锁遗传病中的X 连锁显性遗传病、X 连锁隐性遗传病和Y 连锁遗传病的遗传特征进行探讨，增加对性
连锁遗传病的认识；通过系谱分析和遗传病再发风险评估，提出相应的医学建议，以期降低性连锁遗传病
的发病率，提高人群遗传素质和出生人口质量。

关键词: 连锁（遗传学）, X 染色体, Y 染色体, 产前诊断

Abstract: Sex linkage is the phenotypic expression of an allele that is related to the chromosomal
sex of the individual. In humans, there are many more X-linked traits since there are many more genes on the
X than on the Y. This paper highlights the genetic traits of three kinds of sex-linked inherited disease, X-
linked dominant inherited disease, X-linked recessive inherited disease and Y-linked inherited disease, from a
genetic perspective in order to improve awareness of the sex-linked inherited diseases. The prevalence of some
genetic diseases would be reduced, and the population-based hereditary predisposition as well as quality would
be improved by evaluation of recurrence risk of a genetic disease and genetic counseling.

Key words: Linkage（genetics）, X cheromosome, Y chromosome, Prenatal diagnosis