国际生殖健康/计划生育杂志

国际生殖健康/计划生育 ›› 2013, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (6): 475-477.

• 综述 • 上一篇    下一篇

人类卵子冷冻技术的进展

高 明,章志国 ,曹云霞   

  1. 230022 合肥，安徽医科大学第一附属医院生殖医学中心
  • 收稿日期:1900-01-01 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:2013-11-15 发布日期:2013-11-15
  • 通讯作者: 曹云霞

Progress of Human Oocyte Cryopreservation Technology

GAO Ming，ZHANG Zhi-guo，CAO Yun-xia   

  1. Reproductive Medicine Center，the First Affiliated Hospital，Anhui Medical University，Hefei 230022，China
  • Received:1900-01-01 Revised:1900-01-01 Published:2013-11-15 Online:2013-11-15
  • Contact: CAO Yun-xia

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摘要： 人类卵子冷冻作为生育力保存的一种方式，在辅助生殖技术（ART）中起着关键的作用。由于伦理及研究条件的限制，卵子冷冻技术一直发展缓慢。近年，随着冻融技术及胞浆内单精子注射技术（ICSI）的发展，卵子冷冻已广泛应用于临床。玻璃化冷冻因其简单、细胞损伤小、复苏存活率高正在逐步取代慢速冷冻法，被大多数生殖医学中心所采纳。但卵子冷冻保存过程中仍存在交叉感染的风险及卵子冷冻损伤，液氮紫外线消毒、蒸气氮存储系统或封闭载杆可以防止交叉感染，相对于慢速冷冻法，玻璃化冷冻在减少卵子冷冻损伤方面更有优势。

关键词: 卵母细胞, 低温保存, 冷冻, 受精, 体外

Abstract: Human oocyte cryopreservation，as one of the fertility preservation technologies，plays key role in assisted reproductive technology（ART）. Due to the limitation of ethics and research condition，the oocyte cryopreservation technology developed slowly in past decades. With the development of freezing-thawing technology and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) in recent years, oocyte cryopreservation has been widely used in clinical practice. The traditional slow freezing method has being gradually replaced by vitrification in most IVF centers, because vitrification has advantages of simplicity，higher oocyte survival rate and less cell damage. There are still the potential risks of cross contamination and cell damage during oocyte cryopreservation process, which can be lowered by the closed vitrification system, vapor storage system, and the sterilized liquid nitrogen with ultraviolet radiation (UV). Compared to slowing freezing, vitrification has advantage in reducing oocyte freezing damage.

Key words: Oocytes, Cryopreservation, Freezing, Fertilization in vitro