Abstract: Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) is an essential cause of female ovarian hormone deficiency and infertility. About 1% of women in childbearing age suffer from POI, and there is no optimal solution to improve ovarian function in patients with POI. Recently, in vitro activation (IVA) has been tried to treat the infertility of POI patients. It is well known that a certain number of dormant primordial follicles remain in the ovarian cortex of POI patients. IVA is to activate the dormant primordial follicles by blocking the Hippo signaling pathway through the fragmentation of the ovarian cortex, and activating the phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase-protein kinase B (PI3K-AKT) signaling pathway with AKT stimulators, so that the dormant primordial follicles can grow and develop into mature oocytes that can be used to assisted reproductive technology. It has been reported that follicle growth, and successful pregnancy and birth, are effectively induced via IVA. In this paper, we describe the regulatory effects of PI3K-AKT and Hippo signaling pathways on primordial follicle activation, and review the research progress of IVA treatment for POI.

Key words: Primary ovarian insufficiency；, Ovary；, Ovarian follicle；, Intercellular signaling peptides and proteins；, Signalingtransduction；, Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinases；, Protein kinases；, In vitro activation