Abstract: Objective：To explore the pain-related factors in those outpatients undergoing hysteroscopy without anesthesia, in order to provide theoretical guidance for clinical study of nursing intervention to alleviate pain. Methods：The questionnaire survey was conducted in those patients undergoing hysteroscopy without anesthesia at the Reproductive Center of a tertiary hospital in Beijing from June to September in 2016. The questionnaire included general information, self rating anxiety scale, self rating depression scale, general self-efficacy scale, hysteroscopy related knowledge questionnaire and visual analogue scale (VAS). A total of 125 patients were examined by OLYMPUS′s flexible mirror. A small endometrial tissue from each patient was pathologically tested.  Twenty-eight of them underwent polypectomy. Results：The median VAS score of 125 patients was 4.42 (3, 6), which is normal distribution data after logarithmic conversion. Multivariate analysis showed that some factors could be included in the equation（regression equation F=7.189, P=0.000）, including whether removal of polyps, the total family monthly income, depression score, education degree, the score of knowledge on hysteroscopy. Those risk factors of pain were polypectomy, the family monthly total income, educational degree and the depression score. Interestingly，the high score of hysteroscopy-related knowledge was a protective factor. Conclusions: The adequate education before hysteroscopy is necessary for those patients to undergo hysteroscopy without anesthesia, especially for patients with polyps, high family monthly income, high education degree and severe depression.

Key words: Hysteroscopy, Pain Measurement, Questionnaires, Infertility, female；Hysteroscopy without anesthesia