Abstract: Oblique vaginal septum syndrome(OVSS) is defined as a congenital malformation with double palace body, double cervix, double vagina, and complete or incomplete unilateral vaginal atresia. It is often accompanied with urinary system malformation such as kidney absence. With the advantages of simple, convenience and noninvasive sensing, ultrasonography is the first choice for the diagnosis of OVSS. Surgery is the only effective way to treat OVSS. At present, the optimal method of operation is the oblique vaginal septum resection. In order to improve the understanding of OVSS, a case of double cervix and vaginal oblique diaphragm misdiagnosed as pelvic mass was analyzed retrospectively. The causes of misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis of female genitourinary malformation were discussed in order to improve the accuracy of diagnosis and treatment.

Key words: Vagina, Uterus, Congenital abnormalities, Diagnostic errors, Case reports