Abstract: Abdominal Compartment Syndrome（ACS） is a rare complication with a high death rate in laparotomy. We report a case of ACS complicated with incision dehiscence after radical resection of cervical malignant tumor, and emphasize the importance of accurate monitoring of intra-abdominal pressure and timely laparotomy in high-risk patients. This was a extremely obese patient, BMI=40 kg/m2. She was performed radical hysterectomy for cervical cancer (extensive abdominal hysterectomy, bilateral ovaries, bilateral oviducts ectomy, pelvic lymphadenectomy) after two rounds of neoadjuvant chemotherapy. On the first day after operation, the patient continued to suffer from abdominal distention and cough. ACS was found on the 4th day after operation and Laparotomy was timely performed. The postoperative recovery was good. After 10 months follow-up, there are no signs of complications.

Key words: Compartment syndromes；, Intra-abdominal hypertension；, Uterine cervical neoplasms；, Gynecologic surgical procedures；, Decompression, surgical；, Case reports