Abstract: The number of patients with diabetes increased year by year. The infertility in those diabetic women is of important problem. It was found that the environment of long-term uncontrolled hyperglycemia could affect ovarian function and pregnancy by its effect on oocyte maturation and ovulation. The mechanism could be complicated, including the disturbed mitochondrial function of follicle cells, those ovarian stimulating factors such as Ang II, and the changed concentration of many hormones in blood (such as E2, T, P, insulin). It is benefit to improve ovarian function for those women with diabetes to control their blood glucose levels and to improve insulin resistance.

Key words: Diabetes mellitus, Infertility, female, Ovary, Mitochondria, Oocytes, Insulin resistance