Abstract: Nowadays，there is a trend that young persons delay marriage and childbearing. Meanwhile, cancer patients are getting younger. With the medical technologies advanced，the survival rate in cancer patients, as well as survival time, has been greatly improved. More and more patients and medical workers concern about how to protect fertility in the course of cancer treatment. In this paper，we give a brief description about the risk assessment of fertility in cancer patients, including the risk factors of infertility，the impacts of pregnancy on cancer patients, and ethics consideration.

Key words: Neoplasms, Reproductive medicine, Radiotherapy, Chemotherapy, adjuvant, Fertility, Infertility, female, Risk assessment