Abstract: Post-transcriptional regulation is defined that the different tissues or cells owned the same genotypes present variant phenotypes and function via the modification of DNA, which is the main content of epigenetics. As one of the major contributors to the epigenetical regulation, non-coding ribonucleic acid (ncRNA) molecules can regulate the protein abundance at the level of transcription. It was showed that ncRNAs specifically play fundamental regulatory roles in the reproductive tissues. Generally, ncRNAs include rRNA, tRNA, miRNA, siRNA, piRNA and lncRNA. rRNA and tRNA have already been well known. In this review, the effects of ncRNAs mainly including miRNA, siRNA and piRNA in mammalian germ cells, as well as the mechanism, were elucidated, such as cytogenesis, development and maturation of germ cells. And also, lncRNA was briefly introduced.

Key words: Mammals, Non-coding ribonucleic acid, Germ cells, Epigenetics