DNA Damage and Repair during Ovarian Reserve Formation

doi:10.12280/gjszjk.20210121

Abstract

Abstract:

In the process of the formation of ovarian reserve, the mammalian germ cells are in the active stage of DNA replication, exchange and recombination. DNA of this stage is sensitive to various internal and external damage factors, so it is predisposed to DNA damage. There are multiple pathways of DNA repair during this period. Homologous recombination (HR) pathway repairs DNA double-strand breaks, protects and restarts the stalled replication forks. Fanconi anemia (FA) pathway repairs interstrand crosslinks and promotes the replication forks to restart. Base excision repair (BER) pathway is an important mechanism of genome-wide epigenetic programming. Mismatch repair (MMR) pathway maintains the meiosis process and promotes the crossover formation and stabilization of the recombination process. Nucleotide excision repair (NER) pathway facilitates the repair of interstrand crosslinks. These pathways are essential for maintaining genomic stability of germ cell, reducing germ cell apoptosis, promoting germ cell proliferation and pluripotency expression to regulate the development of primordial germ cells so as to form ovarian reserve. To understand well the DNA damage and repair during ovarian reserve formation provides a theoretical basis for the etiological analysis of primary ovarian insufficiency (POI).

Key words: Ovarian reserve, DNA damage, DNA repair, Ovarian follicle, Germ cells

ZHOU Zhi-xian, ZHU Fang, YIN Huan, SU Ye, CAI Hai-yi, FU Chun. DNA Damage and Repair during Ovarian Reserve Formation[J]. Journal of International Reproductive Health/Family Planning, 2021, 40(5): 391-396.

Figures/Tables 5

References 41

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修复途径	作用阶段	损伤因素	损伤类型	修复作用
BER途径	表观遗传修饰	内源烷基化剂、内源代谢物、辐射	小DNA损伤和加合物	替换单个受损核苷酸
MMR途径	DNA复制、减数分裂重组	自发性dNTP错配、辐射	碱基错配、插入、缺失	修复dNTP错误匹配
HR途径	有丝分裂、减数分裂重组	减数分裂重组诱导、辐射	DSB、停滞复制叉	修复DSB、恢复停滞复制叉
FA途径	有丝分裂、减数分裂重组	内源代谢物、链间交联剂、辐射	ICL、停滞复制叉	修复ICL、协调多种DNA修复活动
NER途径	DNA交联	DNA交联、辐射	大块DNA加合物、严重DNA损伤	更换大段DNA

修复途径	作用阶段	损伤因素	损伤类型	修复作用
BER途径	表观遗传修饰	内源烷基化剂、内源代谢物、辐射	小DNA损伤和加合物	替换单个受损核苷酸
MMR途径	DNA复制、减数分裂重组	自发性dNTP错配、辐射	碱基错配、插入、缺失	修复dNTP错误匹配
HR途径	有丝分裂、减数分裂重组	减数分裂重组诱导、辐射	DSB、停滞复制叉	修复DSB、恢复停滞复制叉
FA途径	有丝分裂、减数分裂重组	内源代谢物、链间交联剂、辐射	ICL、停滞复制叉	修复ICL、协调多种DNA修复活动
NER途径	DNA交联	DNA交联、辐射	大块DNA加合物、严重DNA损伤	更换大段DNA