Abstract: The success of in vitro fertilization-embryo transplantation （IVF-ET） is affected by many factors. Thin endometrium can reduce the receptivity of endometrium，which results in the failure of the embryo implantation. Currently，the common treatment for thin endometrium is focused on increasing estrogen，improving the endometrial blood flow and the endometrial minimally invasive stimulation. However，the above methods are not enough effective. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells （BMSCs） with the characteristics of self-renewal and multipotential differentiation are the best source of mesenchymal stem cells，which can be used to treat many injury diseases. Recent studies have shown that BMSCs can migrate to endometrium， increase endometrial thickness，and improve the receptivity of endometrium. BMSCs may be a prospective method for the treatment of thin endometrium.

Key words: Bone marrow, Stem cells, Endometrium, Regeneration, Therapy