Abstract: The quiescent primordial follicles, after activated，grow and develop through stages of primary and secondary follicles，and then the antral stage. A cohort of antral follicles are recruited for further growth and dominance. The matured follicle will be ovulated at last. This process is so complicated，which is controlled by a number of different sources of cytokines and endocrine hormones，at different time and space. With the development of molecular biology techniques，many mechanisms of folliculogenesis were uncovered deeply. However，the controlled folliculogenesis is complicated，especially the initiation and activation of primordial follicles. It is very important to understand thoroughly molecular aspects of folliculogenesis for the translational medicine in clinical reproductive medicine.

Key words: Oocytes, Ovarian follicle, Oogonia, Cytokines