国际生殖健康/计划生育杂志

国际生殖健康/计划生育杂志 ›› 2025, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (4): 272-277.doi: 10.12280/gjszjk.20240569

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

不孕症女性病耻感及影响因素的潜在剖面分析

陈嫦娥, 罗桂英, 王春艳, 王丹妮, 王婕妤()   

  1. 230022 合肥，安徽医科大学第一附属医院妇产科生殖医学中心（陈嫦娥，罗桂英，王春艳，王婕妤）; 安徽医科大学公共卫生学院预防医学教学中心（王丹妮）
  • 收稿日期:2024-11-25 出版日期:2025-07-15 发布日期:2025-07-28
  • 通讯作者: 王婕妤，E-mail：wangjieyu0602@yeah.net
  • 基金资助:
    安徽省高等学校科学研究项目(2022AH050627);生育障碍与妇产疾病研究安徽省重点实验室项目(RDOGD-2024-04)

Latent Profile Analysis of Stigma in Infertile Women and Influencing Factors

CHEN Chang-e, LUO Gui-ying, WANG Chun-yan, WANG Dan-ni, WANG Jie-yu()   

  1. Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China (CHEN Chang-e, LUO Gui-ying, WANG Chun-yan, WANG Jie-yu); Teaching Center for Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China (WANG Dan-ni)
  • Received:2024-11-25 Published:2025-07-15 Online:2025-07-28
  • Contact: WANG Jie-yu, E-mail: wangjieyu0602@yeah.net

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摘要：

目的：基于潜在剖面分析了解不孕症女性病耻感的类别特征，探讨不孕症女性病耻感的影响因素。 方法：通过横断面调查，采用便利抽样法选取2020年4—6月于安徽医科大学第一附属医院生殖医学中心门诊就诊的345例不孕症女性患者为研究对象，采用一般资料调查表、女性不孕症病耻感量表（Infertility Stigma Scale，ISS）和Herth希望指数量表（Herth Hope Index，HHI）进行评估，分析不孕症女性病耻感特征。 结果：潜在剖面分析结果显示，不孕症女性病耻感特征可分为低病耻低家庭成员羞辱组150例（43.48%）、中病耻组140例（40.58%）和高病耻高周围人群羞辱组55例（15.94%）3个潜在类别。不同类别的不孕症女性病耻感在文化程度、职业、婚姻史、居住地、与丈夫的关系上比较差异有统计学意义（均P<0.05）。以低病耻低家庭成员羞辱组为参照，高中/中专文化程度（OR=2.484，P=0.048）是中病耻组的危险因素，初婚（OR=0.268，P=0.006）是中病耻组的保护因素；居住在农村和城镇（OR=2.764，P=0.046）是高病耻高周围人群羞辱组的危险因素，与丈夫关系好（OR=0.382，P=0.034）和HHI总分得分高（OR=0.582，P=0.010）是高病耻高周围人群羞辱组的保护因素。以中病耻组为参照，HHI总分得分高（OR=0.531，P=0.002）是高病耻高周围人群羞辱组的保护因素。 结论：明确不孕症女性病耻感的潜在类别有助于针对其存在的影响因素采取干预措施，通过减轻病耻感，提高其心理健康水平。

关键词: 不育, 女（雌）性, 希望, 影响因素分析, 病耻感, 潜在剖面分析

Abstract:

Objective: Based on the latent profile analysis, to understand the categorical characteristics of stigma in infertile women and the influencing factors of stigma in those infertile women. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted, using convenience sampling to select 345 infertile women who visited the Reproductive Medicine Center of The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University from April 2020 to June 2020. The General Information Survey, Female Infertility Stigma Scale (ISS), and Herth Hope Index (HHI) were used for the evaluation of stigma. Results: Latent profile analysis showed that the characteristics of stigma in infertile women were divided into three potential categories: "low stigma and low family stigma group" 150 cases (43.48%), "middle stigma group" 140 cases (40.58%), and "high stigma and high social stigma group" 55 cases (15.94%). There were significant differences in the stigma among different categories of infertile women in terms of educational level, occupation, marital history, place of residence, and relationship with their husbands (all P<0.05). Using the "low stigma and low family stigma group" as a reference, high school/vocational education level (OR=2.484, P=0.048) is a risk factor for the "middle stigma group", while being in a first marriage (OR=0.268, P=0.006) is a protective factor for the "middle stigma group". Living in rural towns (OR=2.764, P=0.046) is a risk factor for the "high stigma and high social stigma group", whereas having a good relationship with the husband (OR=0.382, P=0.034) and having a high total HHI score (OR=0.582, P=0.010) are two protective factors for the "high stigma and high social stigma group". Using the "middle stigma group" as a reference, having a high total HHI score (OR=0.531, P=0.002) is a protective factor for the "high stigma and high social stigma group". Conclusions: Clarifying the potential categories of stigma among infertile women can help medical staff take intervention measures targeting the influencing factors to reduce their feeling of stigma, and improve their psychological health.

Key words: Infertility, female, Hope, Root cause analysis, Stigma, Latent profile analysis