miR-20a在妇科常见恶性肿瘤中的作用机制

doi:10.12280/gjszjk.20230406

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

宫颈癌、子宫内膜癌及卵巢癌作为妇科最常见的三大恶性肿瘤，其发病率近年来在各年龄段中呈上升趋势，已严重威胁我国女性健康。尽管多种靶向药物的应用已使该类患者的生存期明显延长，但其仍是一类无法被精准诊断和治疗的疾病。miR-17-92基因簇作为最早被确定为癌基因的微小RNA（micro RNA，miRNA）家族，其作用机制一直被广泛关注。miR-20a是miR-17-92基因簇中的一员，可通过降低或上调表达的方式发挥转录后调控功能，进而影响下游基因通路，调控恶性肿瘤细胞的增殖、侵袭及转移，并最终实现恶性肿瘤的发生及进展。根据目前研究进展，miR-20a在宫颈癌、子宫内膜癌及卵巢癌中表达特异性升高通常与疾病的恶性进展有关，综述miR-20a在妇科常见三大恶性肿瘤发病机制中作用的最新研究。

关键词: miR-20a, 子宫内膜肿瘤, 宫颈肿瘤, 卵巢肿瘤, miR-17-92基因簇, 微RNAs

Abstract:

Cervical cancer, endometrial cancer and ovarian cancer are the three most common malignant tumors in gynecology, and the incidences are on the rise in all ages in recent years. The gynecological malignant tumors have become a serious threat to women′s health in China. Although the application of a variety of targeted drugs has significantly prolonged the survival of patients, cervical cancer, endometrial cancer and ovarian cancer are still a group of diseases that cannot be accurately diagnosed and treated. MiR-17-92 gene cluster, as the earliest identified miRNA family of oncogene, has been widely concerned about its mechanism. As a member of the miR-17-92 gene cluster, miR-20a can play a post-transcriptional regulatory role by reducing or increasing the expression, thus affecting the downstream gene pathway, regulating the proliferation, invasion, and metastasis of malignant tumor cells, and finally achieving the occurrence and progress of malignant tumors. According to the current research progress, the specific increase of miR-20a expression in cervical cancer, endometrial cancer and ovarian cancer is usually related to the malignant progress of the disease. This article reviews the research progress of miR-20a in the pathogenesis of three common gynecological malignant tumors.

Key words: MiR-20a, Endometrial neoplasms, Uterine cervical neoplasms, Ovarian neoplasms, MiR-17-92 gene cluster, MicroRNAs

楚漫微, 陈欢欢, 王倩, 王祎玟, 李丹, 杨淑珺, 张翠莲. miR-20a在妇科常见恶性肿瘤中的作用机制[J]. 国际生殖健康/计划生育杂志, 2024, 43(2): 172-176.

CHU Man-wei, CHEN Huan-huan, WANG Qian, WANG Yi-wen, LI Dan, YANG Shu-jun, ZHANG Cui-lian. The Mechanism of MiR-20a in Common Gynecological Malignant Tumors[J]. Journal of International Reproductive Health/Family Planning, 2024, 43(2): 172-176.

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