国际生殖健康/计划生育杂志

国际生殖健康/计划生育 ›› 2015, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (2): 136-140.

• 综述 • 上一篇    下一篇

哺乳动物生殖细胞的发生和发育与表观遗传学的相关性

徐雅丽，丁之德   

  1. 200025 上海交通大学医学院解剖学与组织胚胎学系
  • 收稿日期:1900-01-01 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:2015-03-15 发布日期:2015-03-15
  • 通讯作者: 丁之德

Genesis and Development of Mammalian Germ-cell and Epigenetic Regulation

XU Ya-li，DING Zhi-de   

  1. Department of Anatomy，Histology and Embryology，School of Medicine，Shanghai Jiao Tong University，Shanghai 200025，China
  • Received:1900-01-01 Revised:1900-01-01 Published:2015-03-15 Online:2015-03-15
  • Contact: DING Zhi-de

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摘要： 生殖细胞中的表观遗传信息是由DNA和染色质修饰决定的，这些修饰在生殖细胞的发育过程中是动态变化的。表观遗传修饰因子及其调控蛋白，包括DNA甲基转移酶、组蛋白修饰酶、B淋巴细胞成熟诱导蛋白1（BLIMP1）、钙调蛋白依赖性蛋白激酶4（Camk4）等，在生殖细胞的发生和发育过程中对其细胞基因组的重编程、下游靶基因的激活和抑制以及生殖细胞特异性事件，如生殖细胞的发育、减数分裂的调控、染色体配对以及基因组的完整性等都有重要的作用。结合近年来对哺乳动物生殖细胞发生和发育与表观遗传学相关性的研究进展予以综述。

关键词: 哺乳动物, 生殖细胞, 后成说, 遗传

Abstract: The epigenetic profile of germ cells is defined by the modifications of DNA and chromatin. Meanwhile，those modifications dynamically change during germ cell development. Epigenetic modifiers and their regulatory proteins，such as DNA methyltransferases，histone modification enzymes，B-lymphocyte maturation-induced protein 1（BLIMP1） and calmodulin-dependent protein kinase 4（Camk4），play the crucial roles in reprogramming of the germ-cell genome，repression and activation of the downstream target genes，and germ-cell specific events，for example，germ cell development，regulation of meiosis，chromosome pairing and genomic integrity，and so on, during the germ-cell genesis and development. Herein, the research progress of the genesis and development of mammalian germ-cell, and their epigenetic regulation，were reviewed.

Key words: Mammals, Germ cells, Epigenesis, genetic