心理应激致生殖功能障碍的动物模型及机制研究进展

doi:10.12280/gjszjk.20260238

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

心理应激通过多系统网络干扰生殖功能，已成为生殖医学研究热点。常用慢性心理应激造模方法包括慢性束缚应激、慢性不可预知性温和应激、社交挫败应激、社交隔离应激及早期生命应激等。心理应激通过激活下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴，抑制下丘脑-垂体-性腺轴功能，导致性激素分泌异常；同时诱发生殖组织氧化损伤与慢性炎症反应；肠道菌群失衡通过肠-脑-性腺轴进一步放大应激效应；表观遗传修饰则介导应激效应的长期化与代际传递。未来应整合多组学技术，构建标准化慢性应激模型，探索应激相关生殖障碍的早期干预靶点与个体化策略，为临床防治提供理论支撑。

关键词: 应激，心理学, 疾病模型，动物, 生殖, 不育, 神经内分泌学, 后成说，遗传

Abstract:

Psychological stress disrupts reproductive function through a multi-system network, which is a research focus in reproductive medicine. Common methods for modeling chronic psychological stress include chronic restraint stress, chronic unpredictable mild stress, social defeat stress, social isolation stress, and early-life stress. Psychological stress activates the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis while inhibiting the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis, leading to abnormal sex hormone secretion. It also induces oxidative damage and chronic inflammatory responses in reproductive tissues. Gut microbiota dysbiosis further amplifies the stress effect through the gut-brain-gonad axis, and epigenetic modifications mediate the long-term persistence and transgenerational transmission of stress effects. Future efforts should integrate multi-omics technologies to construct the standardized animal models of chronic stress, and to explore early intervention targets and personalized treatment strategies for stress-related reproductive dysfunction, thereby providing a theoretical foundation for clinical prevention and treatment.

Key words: Stress, psychological, Disease models, animal, Reproduction, Infertility, Neuroendocrinology, Epigenesis, genetic

刘金玉, 马瑞红, 赵志梅. 心理应激致生殖功能障碍的动物模型及机制研究进展[J]. 国际生殖健康/计划生育杂志, 2026, 45(4): 306-310.

LIU Jin-yu, MA Rui-hong, ZHAO Zhi-mei. Research Progress on the Animal Models and Mechanisms of Psychological Stress-Induced Reproductive Dysfunction[J]. Journal of International Reproductive Health/Family Planning, 2026, 45(4): 306-310.

图/表 2

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名称	造模原理	核心行为学改变
慢性束缚应激	躯体+心理限制	焦虑样行为、探索性下降
慢性不可预知性温和应激	不可预测性刺激	快感缺失、绝望行为
社交挫败应激	社会对抗失败	社交回避、焦虑、抑郁
社交隔离应激	长期社会剥夺	认知缺陷、焦虑、攻击性
早期生命应激	早期亲子依恋中断	成年后应激敏感性升高、HPA轴编程改变

名称	造模原理	核心行为学改变
慢性束缚应激	躯体+心理限制	焦虑样行为、探索性下降
慢性不可预知性温和应激	不可预测性刺激	快感缺失、绝望行为
社交挫败应激	社会对抗失败	社交回避、焦虑、抑郁
社交隔离应激	长期社会剥夺	认知缺陷、焦虑、攻击性
早期生命应激	早期亲子依恋中断	成年后应激敏感性升高、HPA轴编程改变