Research Progress of Proteins Related to Sperm Acrosome Development

doi:10.12280/gjszjk.20220506

Abstract

Abstract:

Fertilization is the first step of a new life, in which a diploid zygote is formed by the fusion between the sperm haploid genetic material and the ovular haploid genetic material. The process of mammalian fertilization involves a series of complex and delicate activities, such as sperm hyperactivation and capacitation, acrosome reaction and sperm-egg binding. Sperm acrosome is a special membrane organelle with a cap-like structure that covers the anterior part of the sperm nucleus, which plays a key role in the process of fertilization. Acrosome formation mainly includes vesicle formation, vesicle transport, vesicle fusion, and the binding of acrosome to the nucleus, etc. The unique protein transport mechanism requires the coordination of endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus and other organelles as well as some special structures. Acrosome formation is a key step in the transformation of a spermatid into a spermatozoon, which is finely regulated by multiple genes. Defects in acrosome formation are associated with a variety of male infertility, including globozoospermia. This review summarizes the sequence of major biological events during sperm acrosome development and the related proteins, and introduces the recent research on the role of autophagy-related proteins in acrosome development, in order to provide new ideas for the diagnosis and treatment of male infertility.

Key words: Spermatozoa, Acrosome, Proteins, Infertility, male, Spermatogenesis, Autophagy

CHANG Tian-qing, WU Hua, FENG Rui-zhi, QIAN Yun. Research Progress of Proteins Related to Sperm Acrosome Development[J]. Journal of International Reproductive Health/Family Planning, 2023, 42(1): 44-49.

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