Abstract: Deafness，a common disability affected human health，was mostly hereditary. There were more than one hundred deafness genes identified. In our country，the most common genes involved in deafness are GJB2，SLC26A4，12SrRNA. With the development of molecular biology，the methods to detect deafness genes，including restriction enzyme mapping，denaturing high performance liquid chromatography，high-resolution melt, and gene chip，were developed. Gene chip technology is a rapid method for screening deafness genes. The accurate and rapid diagnosis of hereditary deafness is helpful to further treatment，so as to improve the quality of life. This article reviewed the morbific genes and screening methods.

Key words: Deafness, Genetic screening, Genes, Oligonucleotide array sequence analysis