Abstract: Objective: To discuss the clinical characteristics of the activated latent tuberculosis in those pregnant women after in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET), and to explore the necessity of examination and treatment before assisted reproduction in oviduct primary infertility. Methods：Six cases of abortion in IVF-ET pregnant women, due to activated genital tuberculosis, were retrospectively reviewed, from 2012 January to 2014 December in our reproductive center. Results：Six cases were clinical pregnant, had abortion operation due to the re-activated latent tuberculosis. Tuberculin skin test (TST)/interferon-gamma release assays(IGRAs) was positive in all of 6 cases. Only one patient had a history of tuberculosis. There were not any findings of active tuberculosis in their medical examination. The final diagnoses of 6 cases were as follows, 3 cases with endometrial tuberculosis, 1 case with endometrial and pulmonary tuberculosis, 1 case with meningeal tuberculosis, 1 case with pulmonary tuberculosis. All those abortion patients due to the activated latent tuberculosis were treated by antituberculosis at least one year before next pregnancy. Conclusions：The latent tuberculosis could be re-activated after pregnancy, and the pregnant outcome be poor, which provide us the important information that the latent tuberculosis should be diagnosed and treated exactly in those infertility women before IVF-ET.

Key words: Infertility, female, Tuberculosis, Fertilization in vitro, Embryo transfer, Abortion, spontaneous