Abstract:

Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) is an endogenous lipid antioxidant that protects cellular function by scavenging free radicals and inhibiting lipid peroxidation. The human body requires approximately 500 mg of CoQ10 per day, yet only about 5 mg from dietary sources. Therefore, the exogenous supplementation of CoQ10 is necessary to maintain the normal reproductive function. Male infertility is significantly associated with the decreased sperm quality, and its core pathological mechanism lies in oxidative stress. CoQ10 reduces reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced damage to sperm by improving mitochondrial function. Female infertility is often related to reproductive aging, postovulatory aging and endometriosis. CoQ10 can restore oocyte energy metabolism, decrease ROS to reduce the risk of embryonic abnormalities, and facilitate endometrial receptivity for embryo implantation. This review summarizes the critical role of CoQ10 in improving the functions of both male and female reproductive systems, and the application in improving the outcomes of assisted reproduction, by targeting the oxidative stress pathway. Future research should further explore the optimization of CoQ10 dosages and synergistic strategies with other antioxidants to advance its application in reproductive medicine.

Key words: Ubiquinone, Electron transport complexⅠ, Oxidative stress, Infertility, female, Infertility, male, Coenzyme Q10