Abstract: The endometrial receptivity is a temporal status of endometrium which posses the receptive ability to embryonic implantation. Only in the receptive phase，the endometrium allows embryo to attach and penetrate. It is regulated by many factors and genes to establish and maintain the endometrial receptivity. Recently，there is a growing interest in the role of microRNAs （miRNAs） in regulating the endometrium receptivity. With the high-throughout expression analytical methods，several studies have found some characteristics of miRNAs expressed in the endometrium of different receptive status，including the natural menstrual cycle and the stimulated cycle. Those preliminary results showed miRNAs as potential markers of the endometrium receptivity. As important post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression，miRNAs exert their functions through regulating the expression of key genes and pathways involved in the embryo implantation.

Key words: MicroRNAs, Embryo implantation, Endometrium, Endometrial receptivity