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15 January 2017, Volume 36 Issue 1
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null Zhe-Ren HUANG 2017, 36 (1):  5-8.  Abstract ( 1300 )   PDF (1291KB) ( 8802 )   null References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Impact of the duration of elevated progesterone levels before the time of HCG administration on outcome of in vitro fertilization. 2017, 36 (1):  9-13.  Abstract ( 1490 )   PDF (967KB) ( 8924 )   Objective: To explore the impact of the duration of elevated progesterone level before the time of HCG administration on pregnancy outcome of in vitro fertilization during controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH) . Methods: From January 2012 to December 2014,the data of 398 infertile patients receiving IVF-ET or ICSI -ET in the hospital were selected as study groups, according to the serum progesterone level lasts 2 days in the same range before the time of HCG administration(including the day of HCG injection and the previous day), the patients were divided into three groups ,group A:progesterone ＜1.5ng/ml for two days; group B progesterone 1.5~2.0ng/ml for two days; group C:progesterone>2.0ng/ml for two days. Analyzed retrospectively of?these data, then the cinical data and the outcomes of IVF/ICSI-ET were compared among the 3 groups.Results: There was no statistical difference in Age, duration of infertility, the mean total dose of gonadotropin, number of oocyte retrieval, and rate of normal fertilization, available embryo and high-quality embryo among the 3 groups（P>0.05）. Compared with the group A, P > 2.0ng/ml for two days group significantly reduced in biochemical pregnancy, implantation , clinical pregnancy and live-birth?rate（P<0.05）. The biochemical pregnancy ,implantation and clinical pregnancy rate of group B(P=1.5ng/ml~2.0ng/ml for two days) significantly lower than group A（P<0.05）. Conclusions: In controlled ovarian hyperstimulation , there was a negative impact on outcome of in vitro fertilization when the P>2.5ng/ml on the day of HCG administration and the P>2.0ng/ml for two days before the time of HCG injection; the P=1.5ng/ml~2.0ng/ml for two days before the time of HCG injection could decrease the biochemical pregnancy, implantation and clinical pregnancy rate.However, there were no obvious influence to the live-birth?rate. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Comparative study on laparoscopic vaginoplasty using peritoneal and sigmoid colon 2017, 36 (1):  14-17.  Abstract ( 1343 )   PDF (916KB) ( 8899 )   Related Articles | Metrics

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Obstetric and perinatal outcomes in infertile women and general women 2017, 36 (1):  18-21.  Abstract ( 1367 )   PDF (886KB) ( 8917 )   【Abstract】Objective: To investigate the background of infertility on the obstetric and perinatal outcomes. Methods: A total of 1 000 delivery women were investigated in Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Suzhou Hospital from June 1st, 2014 to December 31th, 2014 by self-designed questionary. Among these women, 136 women were defined infertility group as those who conceived over one year of normal sex life and had not received any assisted reproductive technology (ART). 272 women were selected as control group according to 1:2 matched method by matching singleton, age, parity, delivery method. 114 women who received IVF/ICSI and delivered in our hospital at the same period were defined ART group.Obstetric and perinatal outcomes were compared among these groups. Results: The incidence of low birth weight(11.03% vs. 5.15%) was significantly higher in the infertility group than in the control group(P<0.05). Conclusions: The infertility background affects the rate of low birth weight of newborns. Related Articles | Metrics

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Prostaglandin E2 and its receptor's role in follicular development kai luLIU Yugui Cui 2017, 36 (1):  26-30.  Abstract ( 1858 )   PDF (873KB) ( 9092 )   Luteinizing hormone (LH) increases granulosa cell secretion of prostaglandin E2(PGE2).And by paracrine and autocrine signals, PGE2 acts at cumulus cells’ prostaglandin receptor 2 (PTGER2) ,activates the adenylate cyclase (AC),and increases intracellular (cyclic adenosine monophosphate) cAMP content and the synthesis of hyaluronan synthase 2 (HAS2) and tumor necrosis factor alpha mediated protein 6.Finally it would promote cumulus cells expansion. PGE2 also regulates the steroid metabolism pathway of granular cells and impacts the secretion of progesterone, and regulates the function of corpus. This paper describes the mechanism and function of PGE2 in the process of follicular development. Related Articles | Metrics

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外泌体与生殖细胞生长发育的研究进展 2017, 36 (1):  31-35.  Abstract ( 2451 )   PDF (939KB) ( 10789 )   The growth and development of Oocyte and sperm are regulated by cytokines in the microenvironment. The blood-follicular barrier encompass the follicle, as same as the blood-testis barrier present in the testes. It is not very clear that how the microenvironment where germ cells exist interchange signals and nutrient with the body. As a membrane vesicle, exosomes are commonly found in body fluids. So it would be involved in a series of physiological and pathological activities. For example，exosome can be involved in signal transduction and exchange of material between cell. It also can induce immune tolerance and promote the occurrence and development of tumor. Exosomes must play an important role in the follicle and testis. Exosomes from the ovary plays an important role in the occurrence and development of follicle. Seminal plasma’s exosomes promote to maintain the sperm function during sperm in vitro. The study of exosomes is a new field in reproductive medicine, which will bring a new opportunity for reproductive medicine. Related Articles | Metrics

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The Relationship of Assisted Reproductive Technology with Embryonic DNA Methylation 2017, 36 (1):  36-38.  Abstract ( 1890 )   PDF (806KB) ( 9046 )   Epigenetic modification especially DNA methylation plays an important role in controlling the functions of the cells. 70% to 80% of the GpG locus in mammalians are methylated .Hypermethylated DNA associate with the silence of the genes, and hypormethylated DNA can activate genes transcription. Furthermore, DNA methylation status is not as steady as that in genome，and there are series of restructure such as methylation pattern erasure,methylation pattern re-establishment and methylation pattern maintenance occurring in primordial germ cells（PGCs）and the early embryo. Assisted reproductive technology （ART） accounts for 1 to 3% of annual births in industrialized countries and continues to increase rapidly. Due to the variability in ART protocols and the rarity of imprinting disorders，it is difficult to clarify the causative relationship between ART and an increased incidence of imprinting disorders. Except for an increased incidence of premature births, it has been confirmed that the procedure of ART may result in abnormal epigenetic modification and reorganization for both germ cells and embryos. Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome (BWS), Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) and so on are the most representative imprinting disorders. Recently published articles about DNA methylation and the changes of DNA methylation during embryonic development as well as the relationships between the DNA methylation and the assisted reproductive technology (ART) were reviewed in this paper. Related Articles | Metrics

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The Research Advances in Epigenetic Changes Based on Development of Embryonic-derived Diseases Zhide DING 2017, 36 (1):  39-44.  Abstract ( 2366 )   PDF (942KB) ( 10864 )   In recent years, a number of animal experiments and epidemiological studies focused on the "Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD)" theory have revealed that DNA methylation, histone modification and transcriptional regulation of non-coding RNA and other epigenetic modifications may play important roles in the development of embryonic-derived disease. For instance, abnormal methylation of nr3c1 and 11β-hsd-2 gene can affect the development of fetal nervous system, resulting in postnatal neurobehavioral depression, schizophrenia and other mental disorders; while the role of histone deacetylase HDAC3 in the development of the second ventricle is directly correlated to the onset of human congenital heart disease, including morphological defects in the second ventricular development and extracellular matrix abnormalities. This review summarizes the research advances in epigenetic changes based on the development of embryonic-derived disease in order to provide reliable theoretical and experimental evidences for the prevention, clinical diagnosis and treatment of some known embryonic-derived diseases. Related Articles | Metrics

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The Application of Mitochondrial Function Index in Assisted Reproductive Techniques 2017, 36 (1):  45-48.  Abstract ( 1869 )   PDF (893KB) ( 9002 )   【Abstract】It is important for assisted reproductive techniques(ART)to choose oocytes which develop their nucleus and cytoplasm synchronously. Mitochondria are cellular organelles that are required for energy production. Emerging evidence demonstrates their role on oocyte development and reproduction. Mitochondria could be used for measuring the quality of oocyte cytoplasm. In this review,we discuss the indicators of mitochondria ,analyze the affect of ART on mitochondria function as well as the ways to protect oocyte mitochondria. Related Articles | Metrics

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The Status and Progress on the Treatment of Repeated Implantation Failure 2017, 36 (1):  53-56.  Abstract ( 2667 )   PDF (925KB) ( 10774 )   Repeated implantation failure (RIF) refers to failure of achieving a clinical pregnancy after transferring several good-quality embryos in several IVF/ICSI cycles. The causes are complicated, in matrix, including abnormal anatomical structure, bad receptivity of endometrium, disorder immune state; in embryo factors, including abnormal hereditary substance, inappropriate incubation and implantation. How to detect the exact causes of RIF and appropriate pretreatment are the key to improve the prognosis of RIF. The methods include, in matrix, correcting abnormal anatomical structure through surgery, increasing endometrial thickness, suppressing frequent uterine contraction, regulating coagulation function and immune state, improving response of endometrium et. al; as to embryo, screening good-qualify embryos, assisting hatching embryos and improving implanting skills. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of adipocytokines on the pathogenesis of early spontaneous abortion 2017, 36 (1):  57-60.  Abstract ( 1670 )   PDF (840KB) ( 8991 )   【Abstract】 Adipocytokines such as adiponectin, leptin, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), visfatin, and interleukins (ILs) can affect embryo implantation, intrauterine environment, maternal fetal immune balance, and then cause early spontaneous abortion. Endometrial receptivity is affected by adiponectin through actions of both paracrine and autocrine. Leptin can regulate the growth and development of zygote through the regulation of gonadotropins secretion by central nervous system. TNF-α can promote the development of embryo by regulating the proliferation and differentiation of trophoblasts. The proinflammatory effect of visfatin is beneficial to the maintenance of pregnancy. Imbalances among ILs lead to the abnormal immune status at the maternal-fetal interface. This paper summarizes advances on roles of adiponectin, leptin, TNF-α, visfatin, and ILs in the pathogenesis of early spontaneous abortion. Related Articles | Metrics

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Involvement of MiRNAs in Pathogenesis of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome 2017, 36 (1):  66-69.  Abstract ( 1409 )   PDF (951KB) ( 8876 )   MicroRNAs are able to regulate gene at the post-transcriptional level. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a heterogeneous disorder, the pathogenesis of which is not clear at present. Abnormal of microRNAs in serum, the follicular fluid and granulosa cells of PCOS patients might contribute to the pathogenesis of PCOS. MiRNA is closely related to the synthesis and secretion of steroid hormones.MiRNA is involved in the development and atresia of follicles and thus affects the ovulation process in PCOS patients.It also plays an important role in PCOS insulin resistance.MiR-125b, miR-483 and miR-320 affect multiple signaling pathways by regulating multiple target genes.This article reviews the role of miRNAs in the pathogenesis of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), miRNA is expected to be a biological marker for the diagnosis and prognosis of PCOS disease, providing a new approach for the treatment of PCOS. Related Articles | Metrics

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Influence of Androgen receptor gene (CAG)n Polymorphism to the formation of PCOS 2017, 36 (1):  70-73.  Abstract ( 1522 )   PDF (873KB) ( 8767 )   【Abstract】The androgen receptor gene locates on chromosome Xq11-12; its first exome exists in CAG repeat sequence; while (CAG)n repeat sequence is polymorphism in different race and region. The repeat number or length of androgen receptor gene (CAG)n shows a negative correlation with androgen receptor (AR) activation of Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS); whereas androgen levels are positively correlated; and (CAG)n polymorphism affects the related features of PCOS, such as insulin resistance, formation of acne and hairy. Short or fewer repeat number of (CAG)n may increase susceptibility to PCOS patients. Whereas the inactivation of X chromosome can adjust the AR effect; supposing inactivation of X chromosome does have effect on AR, and longer or higher repeat number of (CAG)n can increase the risk of PCOS. This article reviews the influence of androgen receptor gene (CAG)n polymorphism on the formation of PCOS. Related Articles | Metrics

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Relationship between Vitamin and fetal development 2017, 36 (1):  78-81.  Abstract ( 1384 )   PDF (829KB) ( 9028 )   Fertilized egg, embryo and fetus are three stages of fetus growth In maternal intrauterine . Any factors caused by the mother Or the fetus can affect intrauterine growth of fertilized egg, embryo and fetus, some serious factors Not only lead to embryonic growth cease but also fetal intrauterine death. Lack of vitamin can induce human diseases, vitamin requirements is increased in maternal women during pregnancy, The abnormal of the fetal organs and fetal dysplasia will be happened If insufficient of vitamin intake,supplement, and not been increased or increased not timely. Becaue Some severe fetal abnormalities can cause fetal death, pregnancy women should pay attention to pregnancy processing of fetal growth screening by Blood tests ,ultrasound or piercing amnio test in time . IF we can do such things as following : Strengthen the maternal-fetal health care, pay attention to the eugenics, Improve the nutritional status of pregnant women and children ,Reasonable deployment of diet, appropriate vitamin supplements and To understand the effect of a variety of vitamins and the correlation of fetal development.There will be a great significance to reduce neonatal birth defects , the prevention and treatment of women and children deficiency disease, improve the quality of the population. Related Articles | Metrics

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The recent advances in the treatment of endometriosis associated infertility 2017, 36 (1):  82-86.  Abstract ( 1223 )   PDF (884KB) ( 8860 )   Endometriosis is one of the important factors that cause female infertility, the surgery is still the main treatment. Surgical operation time, operation method, in different stages and different types of endometriosis on postoperative all affect the pregnancy outcome, the present study suggests that drug treatment can not improve the patient's fertility, can only delay the recurrence, and assisted reproductive technology as auxiliary fertility treatment measures, to improve the patient's fertility Related Articles | Metrics