Abstract: MicroRNAs are able to regulate gene at the post-transcriptional level. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a heterogeneous disorder, the pathogenesis of which is not clear at present. Abnormal of microRNAs in serum, the follicular fluid and granulosa cells of PCOS patients might contribute to the pathogenesis of PCOS. MiRNA is closely related to the synthesis and secretion of steroid hormones.MiRNA is involved in the development and atresia of follicles and thus affects the ovulation process in PCOS patients.It also plays an important role in PCOS insulin resistance.MiR-125b, miR-483 and miR-320 affect multiple signaling pathways by regulating multiple target genes.This article reviews the role of miRNAs in the pathogenesis of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), miRNA is expected to be a biological marker for the diagnosis and prognosis of PCOS disease, providing a new approach for the treatment of PCOS.

Key words: microRNA（miRNA）, polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS), gonadal steroid hormones, follicular development, insulin resistance