新型冠状病毒对人类生殖系统的影响

doi:10.12280/gjszjk.20220406

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

对新型冠状病毒肺炎（COVID-19）影响的研究已不局限于呼吸系统，而是扩展到其他重要系统。研究表明，新型冠状病毒（SARS-CoV-2）可识别人体组织器官中的血管紧张素转换酶2受体，由此对两性生殖系统结构和功能造成损伤。对男性生殖系统，SARS-CoV-2可影响下丘脑-垂体-性腺轴功能、损害睾丸生精过程和影响精子质量；对女性生殖系统，SARS-CoV-2同样影响下丘脑-垂体-性腺轴功能；虽然孕产妇感染病毒后重症率较低，康复情况良好，但也可能发生不良妊娠结局。SARS-CoV-2对辅助生殖结局的影响可能比较轻微；但有研究指出，COVID-19患者如在促排卵期间出现卵巢过度刺激综合征，则会增加肺部与肾脏并发症的发生风险。另外，现阶段普遍接种的各种SARS-CoV-2疫苗均未见对生殖系统的影响，但COVID-19大流行引发的生殖意愿下降等心理健康问题仍需进一步研究。

关键词: 冠状病毒属, 感染, 肺炎, 泌尿生殖系统, 生殖技术，辅助, 疫苗

Abstract:

The research related to the detrimental effect of COVID-19 has not been limited in the respiratory system, but it gradually expanded to other important systems. Several studies demonstrated that SARS-CoV-2 recognized the angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptors in human tissues and organs, thereby causing damages to the structure and function of human systems including reproduction. For male reproductive system, SARS-CoV-2 affects the function of hypothalamic-pituitary-gonad (HPG) axis, damages the spermatogenic process and decreases sperm quality. For female reproductive system, SARS-CoV-2 also disturbes the function of HPG axis. Considering the pregnant women infected with the virus, the rate of severe diseases was low and the rehabilitation was good, but adverse pregnancy outcomes may also occur. The impact of SARS-CoV-2 on assisted-reproduction is mild, but it could be a risk factor of pulmonary and renal complications when the patient suffered from ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome during ovulation induction. In addition, there is no evidence to show the obvious negative effect of various SARS-CoV-2 vaccines on the reproductive system. However, mental health problems such as the decreased fertility intention caused by the COVID-19 pandemic still need to be further investigated.

Key words: Coronavirus, Infection, Pneumonia, Urogenital system, Reproductive techniques, assisted, Vaccines

茅欣怡, 许钰薇, 李文婧, 马梲铫, 丁之德. 新型冠状病毒对人类生殖系统的影响[J]. 国际生殖健康/计划生育, 2022, 41(6): 476-481.

MAO Xin-yi, XU Yu-wei, LI Wen-jing, MA Zhuo-yao, DING Zhi-de. The Detrimental Effects of COVID-19 on Human Reproduction[J]. Journal of International Reproductive Health/Family Planning, 2022, 41(6): 476-481.

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