国际生殖健康/计划生育杂志 ›› 2026, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (5): 373-379.doi: 10.12280/gjszjk.20260321

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

知信行模式下烟台某职业学院学生性与生殖健康现状调查与对策建议

苗力丹(), 任菲, 刘晴, 刘硕, 李晓晓   

  1. 264000 山东省烟台市卫生健康综合服务中心
  • 收稿日期:2026-06-16 出版日期:2026-09-15 发布日期:2026-09-20
  • 通讯作者: 苗力丹,E-mail:ytjsxjzx@126.com

Status Survey of Sexual and Reproductive Health among Students of A Vocational College in Yantai under the Knowledge-Attitude-Practice Model and Suggested Countermeasures

MIAO Li-dan(), REN Fei, LIU Qing, LIU Shuo, LI Xiao-xiao   

  1. Yantai Comprehensive Health Service Center, Yantai 264000, Shandong Province, China
  • Received:2026-06-16 Published:2026-09-15 Online:2026-09-20
  • Contact: MIAO Li-dan, E-mail: ytjsxjzx@126.com

摘要:

目的:分析烟台某职业学院学生性与生殖健康知信行现状,为强化青少年生殖健康教育、优化相关公共卫生服务提供实证依据。方法:该研究按照知信行模式自行设计问卷,通过问卷星平台发放并收集,对1 875份问卷进行分析。结果:94.9%(1 779/1 875)的调查对象认同生殖健康教育和责任教育具有重要意义,92.9%(1 741/1 875)选择男女双方避孕责任平等,85.2%(1 598/1 875)对紧急避孕药有正确认知,94.2%(1 766/1 875)认同采取避孕措施对保护生育力的重要性。关于正确使用避孕套的作用,选择预防人类免疫缺陷病毒感染占比最高93.1%(1 745/1 875)。对青少年性行为的态度,“完全认同”和“比较认同”合计占比10.3%(194/1 875),“完全不认同”和“比较不认同”合计占比45.4%(851/1 875)。69.4%(1 302/1 875)选择“青少年做好自我保护”是预防青少年非意愿妊娠最关键的措施。关于已掌握生殖健康知识是否足够应对未来生活,选择“不太够”和“非常缺乏”合计占比24.1%(452/1 875)。结论:调查对象对全面性教育认可度与生殖健康知识需求度较高,但科学避孕知识储备不足。部分调查对象生殖健康主体责任意识有待提高,对青少年性行为存在认知偏差。

关键词: 生殖健康, 健康知识, 态度, 实践, 学生, 调查和问卷, 卫生计划方针

Abstract:

Objective: By analyzing the current status of Knowledge-Attitude-Practice (KAP) regarding sexual and reproductive health among the students at a vocational college in Yantai, this study aims to provide a empirical evidence for strengthening adolescent reproductive health education and optimizing relevant public health services. Methods: A self-designed questionnaire based on the KAP model was developed for this study. The questionnaires were distributed and collected via the Questionnaire Star platform. A total of 1 875 valid questionnaires were included for analysis. Results: 94.9% (1 779/1 875) of the survey respondents recognized the importance of reproductive health education and responsibility-related education, and 92.9% (1 741/1 875) believed that both men and women share equal responsibility for contraception. Additionally, 85.2% (1 598/1 875) had a correct understanding of emergency contraceptives, and 94.2% (1 766/1 875) acknowledged the importance of using contraception to protect fertility. Regarding the effects of correct condom use, the prevention of HIV infection was the most frequently cited reason (93.1%, 1 745/1 875). Concerning the attitude of adolescent sexual behavior, a combined 10.3% (194/1 875) of respondents "fully agreed" or "somewhat agreed", while a combined 45.4% (851/1 875) "fully disagreed" or "somewhat disagreed". About the most crucial measure to prevent unintended teenage pregnancy, 69.4% (1 302/1 875) selected "self-protection". Regarding whether their acquired reproductive health knowledge was sufficient for future life, a combined 24.1% (452/1 875) felt it was "insufficient" or "severely lacking". Conclusions: The survey respondents demonstrated a high level of recognition for comprehensive sexuality education and a strong demand for reproductive health knowledge. However, their knowledge of scientific contraception was insufficient. Some participants lacked a strong sense of personal responsibility for reproductive health and held cognitive biases regarding adolescent sexual behavior.

Key words: Reproductive health, Health knowledge, attitudes, practice, Students, Surveys and questionnaires, Health planning guidelines