国际生殖健康/计划生育杂志

国际生殖健康/计划生育 ›› 2012, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (3): 208-211.

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

未婚流产女性在医院获得的咨询与教育服务


左霞云, 尹逊丽, 楼超华, 崔 念 ,王金桃, 涂晓雯, 余春艳, 王子亮 ,许姜姜   

  1. 200032上海市计划生育科学研究所（左霞云，尹逊丽，楼超华，涂晓雯，余春艳，王子亮）；复旦大学公共卫生学院（左霞云，尹逊丽，许姜姜）；成都中医药大学（崔 念）；山西医科大学公共卫生学院（王金桃）
  • 收稿日期:1900-01-01 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:2012-05-15 发布日期:2012-05-15
  • 通讯作者: 楼超华

Study on IEC Services Among Unmarried Women Seeking Abortions in Hospitals

ZUO Xia-yun，YIN Xun-li，LOU Chao-hua，CUI Nian，WANG Jin-tao，TU Xiao-wen，YU Chun-yan，WANG Zi-liang，XU Jiang-jiang   

  1. Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research，Shanghai 200032，China（ZUO Xia-yun，YIN Xun-li，LOU Chao-hua，TU Xiao-wen，YU Chun-yan，WANG Zi-liang）；School of Public Health，Fudan University，Shanghai 200032，China（ZUO Xia-yun，YIN Xun-li，XU Jiang-jiang）；Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine，Chengdu 611137，China（CUI Nian）；School of Public Health，Shanxi Medical University，Tai yuan 030001，China（WANG Jin-tao）
  • Received:1900-01-01 Revised:1900-01-01 Published:2012-05-15 Online:2012-05-15
  • Contact: LOU Chao-hua

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摘要： 目的：通过调查国内3个城市未婚女性在寻求人工流产过程中获得的咨询与教育服务情况及避孕意愿，为流产后保健服务体系的制定与完善提供参考依据。方法：对在上海、成都和太原三城市不同等级医院内寻求人工流产、25岁以下的1 271例未婚女性进行描述性问卷调查。结果：80%以上的对象本次在医院人工流产过程中获得过信息宣教。宣教内容主要为“流产后注意事项”、“人工流产方式”和“流产可能并发症”；宣教形式以与医生面对面交流为主（77.84%～89.34%），其次为宣传册子（25.68%～29.55%）和海报（20.11%～38.52%）。在获得过宣教的对象中，能够理解人工流产后注意事项者的比例为34.72%～50.77%，能够理解人工流产并发症者的比例为22.46%～29.59%，能够理解避孕知识者的比例为30.49%～44.11%。三地对象获得避孕药具者的比例为2.11%～12.47%。56.24%～81.46%的对象主动咨询过问题，以“流产后注意事项”和“流产对身体的影响”居多，其中约66%的对象满意医生的解释。与过去半年内实际实施避孕情况相比，流产后对象愿意使用避孕方法者的比例上升，其中愿意使用不安全避孕方法者的比例下降。结论：尽管未婚女性在流产后避孕意愿有所改善，但医院在流产后咨询与教育方面存在医生宣教信息不足，医患间交流较弱，宣传册、海报、录像等辅助宣教方式利用不充分等诸多薄弱环节。

关键词: 流产, 人工, 咨询, 医院, 横断面研究, 问卷调查

Abstract: Objective： To investigate the IEC （information education and counseling） services, and willingness of contraceptive use, among those unmarried women seeking abortions in three cities in China，in order to provide scientific evidence for the development of post-aboriton care. Methods：Three selected cities were Shanghai, Chengdu and Taiyuan. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 1 271 unmarried women aged below 25， seeking abortions in hospitals. Results：Over eighty percent of subjects received IEC. IEC mainly focused on "watch-outs after abortion"，"abortion methods" and "possible complications of abortion". Information was mainly obtained through talking with doctors（77.84%-89.34%）and reading brochures （25.68%-29.55%）and posters（20.11%-38.52%）. Among subjects obtained IEC，about 34.72%-50.77% of them could understand "watch-outs after abortion"，22.46%-29.59% of them could understand "abortion complications" and about 30.49%~44.11% could understand "contraception knowledge". About 2.11%-12.47% of subjects obtained contraceptive methods, 56.24%~81.46% actively asked questions during the interaction with doctors, mainly focusing on "watch-outs after abortion" and "physically adverse effects of abortion"，while only 66% were satisfied with doctor’s explanation. Compared with the actual use of contraceptives during the past six months，the percentage of subjects willing to use contraceptive methods after abortion rose，while the percentage of those willing to use unsafe contraceptive methods decreased. Conclusions：Although those unmarried women have improved their contraceptive desire , post-abortion services in hospitals was still weak. The weak aspects included inappropriate information provided by doctors，lack of patient-doctor communication，insufficient use of brochures/posters/videos and so on.

Key words: Abortion, induced, Counseling, Hospitals, Cross-sectional studies, Questionnaires