多囊卵巢综合征患者心理状态评估和心理治疗

doi:10.12280/gjszjk.20230325

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

多囊卵巢综合征（polycystic ovary syndrome，PCOS）是生育年龄妇女常见的排卵障碍性疾病，在内分泌及代谢紊乱、体形外貌不满、不孕等多方面因素的协同作用下，PCOS患者的生存质量降低，抑郁、焦虑等心理疾患高发。PCOS母体高雄激素水平及代谢紊乱造成的不良子宫内环境可能导致其子代下丘脑神经内分泌发育异常，引发子代远期发生行为、认知及情感障碍的风险增加。总结PCOS患者的心理特点，分析其心境障碍形成的原因，论述PCOS心理状态评估的方法，并就PCOS子代心境障碍相关研究进行汇总分析，最后对PCOS心境障碍的治疗手段进行总结。建议患者在明确PCOS诊断的同时进行焦虑、抑郁筛查，对筛查阳性者及时进行诊疗及随访管理，通过心理治疗、生活方式干预、代谢调节、调整月经周期、促排卵治疗，改善患者的心理问题，提高生活质量。

关键词: 多囊卵巢综合征, 焦虑, 抑郁, 心理测定学, 心理疗法

Abstract:

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common ovulatory disorders among women of reproductive age. Due to the endocrine and metabolic disorders, dissatisfaction for shape and appearance, infertility and other factors, women with PCOS have decreased life satisfaction and are more susceptible to the mood disorders such as anxiety and depression. Maternal excessive androgen and metabolic disorders are common features of PCOS, and cause an unfavorable intrauterine environment that disturb the development of hypothalamic neuroendocrine system and contribute to long-term behavioral, cognitive, and emotional disorders in their offspring. We summarized the psychological traits of PCOS, analyzed the methods for psychological assessment for PCOS. The cause and origin of psychological characteristics of PCOS women and their offspring were also discussed. We then summarized and analyzed related researches of psychological disorders in PCOS offspring. Finally, we outlined the therapeutic methods for psychological disorders of PCOS. Early diagnosis and intervention for PCOS-related psychiatric problems deserve keen attention in the future. It is recommended that PCOS patients should undergo screening for anxiety and depression. Timely diagnosis and follow-up management should be taken for patients with positive results. Through psychotherapy, lifestyle intervention, metabolic regulation, menstrual cycle adjustment and ovulation treatment, psychological problems and life quality can be improved.

Key words: Polycystic ovary syndrome, Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Psychotherapy

徐嗣亮, 马翔, 刘嘉茵, 高彦. 多囊卵巢综合征患者心理状态评估和心理治疗[J]. 国际生殖健康/计划生育杂志, 2023, 42(6): 481-486.

XU Si-liang, MA Xiang, LIU Jia-yin, GAO Yan. Assessment of Psychological State in Patients with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, and Psychological Management[J]. Journal of International Reproductive Health/Family Planning, 2023, 42(6): 481-486.

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