外阴硬化性苔藓的临床研究进展

doi:10.12280/gjszjk.20240048

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

外阴硬化性苔藓（vulvar lichen sclerosus，VLS）是一种以女性外阴瘙痒为主要临床表现的慢性炎症性皮肤疾病。它主要影响女性肛门生殖器区域，如大小阴唇及肛周。VLS可见于任何年龄段的女性，但以青春期前少女及绝经期后的妇女居多，患者常因外阴持续性瘙痒、烧灼痛或性交不适来医院就诊。其确切病因尚不清楚，遗传、代谢异常、自身免疫等因素都可能参与其中。若病变未经有效的干预治疗，最终可进展为不可逆的外阴解剖结构改变以及恶性肿瘤，严重危害患者的生理和心理健康。根据患者的病情轻重不同，针对VLS应采取个体化治疗方案，主要包括心理疏导、物理干预及手术治疗等。

关键词: 外阴硬化性苔藓, 外阴瘙痒症, 病因, 诊断, 治疗

Abstract:

Vulvar lichen sclerosus (VLS) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease with female vulvar itching as the main clinical manifestation. It mainly affects the female anogenital area, such as the labia and the perianal region. VLS can affect women of all ages, but predominantly pre-pubertal girls and post-menopausal women present to hospital with persistent vulvar itching, burning pain or discomfort during intercourse. The exact pathogenesis of VLS is still unknown. Genetic, metabolic abnormalities, autoimmune and other factors may be involved. If the lesions are not treated effectively, they can eventually progress to irreversible anatomical changes in the vulva and malignant tumors, seriously endangering the physical and psychological health of the patient. According to the severity of VLS, the individualized treatment should be adopted, mainly including psychological counseling, physical intervention and surgical treatment.

Key words: Vulvar lichen sclerosus, Pruritus vulvae, Etiology, Diagnosis, Therapy

程诗语, 石洁, 李艳丽, 高晗. 外阴硬化性苔藓的临床研究进展[J]. 国际生殖健康/计划生育杂志, 2024, 43(3): 260-264.

CHENG Shi-yu, SHI Jie, LI Yan-li, GAO Han. Clinical Research Progress of Vulvar Lichen Sclerosus[J]. Journal of International Reproductive Health/Family Planning, 2024, 43(3): 260-264.

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