国际生殖健康/计划生育 ›› 2011, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (6): 467-470.

• 综述 • 上一篇    下一篇

干细胞诱导分化生殖细胞的研究进展


田海清,蔡 霞
  

  1. 830054 乌鲁木齐,新疆医科大学第一附属医院生殖助孕中心
  • 收稿日期:1900-01-01 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:2011-11-15 发布日期:2011-11-15

Differentiation of Germ Cells Induced from Stem Cells

TIAN Hai-qing, CAI Xia   

  1. Reproductive Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830054, China
  • Received:1900-01-01 Revised:1900-01-01 Published:2011-11-15 Online:2011-11-15

摘要: 干细胞是一类具有自我更新和分化潜能的细胞,包括胚胎干细胞和成体干细胞。胚胎干细胞是从囊胚内细胞团中获得的具有全能性的细胞,具备了分化成机体所有细胞类型的潜能,包括生殖细胞。近年来人类胚胎干细胞的研究取得了突破性进展,能在体外培养成精子细胞及成熟的卵母细胞,但存在免疫排斥、致瘤性和伦理学等问题,使其应用在临床治疗方面受限。成体干细胞是一种多能干细胞,理论上成体干细胞在一定条件下也可分化为生殖细胞。成体干细胞则可克服这些缺点,应用前景日益被看好。若将成体干细胞向生殖细胞的分化应用于临床,使分化成的生殖细胞能发育成具有生命的子代,那将为不育提供一条新的治疗途径。综述了胚胎干细胞及成体干细胞向生殖细胞分化方面的研究进展。

关键词: 胚胎干细胞, 成体干细胞, 细胞分化, 生殖细胞, 不育

Abstract: Stem cells exhibit unique properties, including the capacity of self?鄄renew and differentiate into all cell types. They consist of embryonic stem cells(ESCs) and adult stem cells(ASCs). ESCs are totipotent cells, which derived from the inner cell mass(ICM) of blastocysts. They have the potential to differentiate into all cell types, including germ cells. In recent years, considerable progress has been made in the study of human ESCs. Human ESCs can differentiate into sperm cells and mature occytes in vitro. However, clinical use of ESCs faces the immunological rejection, oncogenicity and ethical controversies problems. ASC is a kind of pluripotent stem cell, so it can also differentiate into germ cell in certain condition. ASCs can advoid these problems, and they may have a better perpective. If germ cell should be derivered from ASCs in clinical application and produce live offspring. The approach could possibly provide new treatments for infertility. In this reviews, we will induce the progress that ESCs and ASCs differentiate into germ cells.

Key words: Embryonic stem cells, Adult stem cells, Cell differentiation, Germ cells, Infertility