Abstract: Blood system malignant tumor isa group of malignant diseases with the highest incidence inyouth. For the early treatment，chemotherapy is of first choice. Chemotherapy will produce serious andirreversible damage for ovarian structure and function. So far the female with blood system malignant tumor, theprimary chemotherapy should be carried with consideration of the fertility preservation of ovary. At present，thepossible methods of effective fertility preservation are embryo cryopreservation，mature and immature oocytecryopreservation，ovarian and ovarian tissue cryopreservation，ovarian transplantation，GnRH -analogues usage，oral contraceptive，hormone replacement therapy and so on.

Key words: Hematologic neoplasms, Antineoplastic combined chemotherapy protocols, Cryopreservation, Gonadotropin-releasing hormone, Therapy