Abstract: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a syndrome characterized by multiple causes, complicated pathogenesis and clinical manifestations. It is a reproductive endocrine disorder characterized by hyperandrogensim, persistent anovulation and ovarian polycystic changes. It is generally believed that PCOS is a polygenic genetic disease caused by the interaction of multiple microgenes and environmental factors. In addition, some drugs, such as antiepileptics, have more effects on the pathogenesis of PCOS. The intrauterine environment before birth and the external environment after birth also play a role in the pathogenesis of PCOS. Moreover，the disorder of hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis caused by mental and psychological factors may also lead to the pathogenesis of PCOS. The research progress of the etiolog of PCOS is briefly discussed in this review.

Key words: Polycystic ovary syndrome, Genes, Risk factors