Abstract: High-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) ablation for uterine leiomyoma, as a new non-invasive treatment, has been more and more widely used in the treatment of uterine leiomyoma. However, there are few literature reports on the early pregnancy and pregnancy outcome after the improper timing of HIFU treatment for uterine leiomyoma. We report a case of inappropriate timing of high-intensity focused ultrasound ablation for uterine leiomyoma in a pregnant woman，with literature review. We summarize the influence of uterine leiomyoma on pregnancy, the influence of different treatment methods on pregnancy, the timing of HIFU ablation for uterine leiomyoma, the problem of fetal retention when HIFU ablation for uterine leiomyoma combined with pregnancy, and the effect of HIFU ablation for uterine leiomyoma on abortion operation, etc. Even more important, we discuss the indication of HIFU ablation for uterine leiomyoma, the appropriate treatment time, and the appropriate pregnancy opportunity after HIFU operation.

Key words: High-intensity focused ultrasound;, Leiomyoma of uterus, Pregnancy；, Case reports；, Therapy