国际生殖健康/计划生育杂志

国际生殖健康/计划生育 ›› 2015, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (3): 229-233.

• 综述 • 上一篇    下一篇

空气污染物对哺乳动物生殖和胚胎发育的影响

徐菲菲，马大骅，丁之德   

  1. 200025 上海交通大学医学院临床医学系12级八年制（徐菲菲，马大骅），解剖学与组织胚胎学系（丁之德）
  • 收稿日期:1900-01-01 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:2015-05-15 发布日期:2015-05-15
  • 通讯作者: 丁之德

Effect of Air Pollutants on Mammalian Reproduction and Embryo Development

XU Fei-fei，MA Da-hua，DING Zhi-de   

  1. Department of Clinical Medicine，Grade 2012（XU Fei-fei，MA Da-hua），Department of Anatomy，Histology and Embryology（DING Zhi-de），School of Medicine，Shanghai Jiao Tong University，Shanghai 200025，China
  • Received:1900-01-01 Revised:1900-01-01 Published:2015-05-15 Online:2015-05-15
  • Contact: DING Zhi-de

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摘要： 日益严重的空气污染已对人们的生命健康构成巨大的危害。大量的流行病学研究表明，严重的空气污染对生殖系统有着多重负面影响。对男性而言，可导致睾丸体积减小和质量减轻，精子数量、浓度降低，运动力与形态学改变，并可引起精子染色体畸变、DNA断裂，最终表现为男性生殖功能的下降，导致不育。而对女性，空气污染与卵巢结构与功能受损、生殖细胞发育异常、排卵率下降以及雌激素分泌异常等显著相关。另外，长期暴露于空气污染的环境中，孕妇的流产率明显增高，且更易造成胎儿畸形的发生。综述多种主要空气污染物对男、女生殖器官（系统）、生殖细胞、生殖功能及胚胎发育影响的最新研究进展。

关键词: 空气污染物, 生殖器, 女（雌）性, 生殖器, 男（雄）性, 生殖细胞, 胚胎发育

Abstract: Human life and health has been damaged by the growing air pollution. The epidemiologic studies showed that the serious atmospheric pollution had multiple negative impacts on reproductive system. For male，damage from pollution shows the reduced testis size and weight，the decreased sperm concentration and total sperm count，the lowered sperm motility，and even abnormal morphology of spermatozoa and aberration of chromatin structures and DNA fragmentation, which leads to dysfunction of reproductive system and male infertility. For female，air pollution are related to abnormal ovarian structure and function，dysplastic germ cell，the lowered ovulation rate and the disorder of estrogen secretion. Moreover，long-term exposure to air pollution can cause the increased abortion rate and fetal malformation. We reviewed the research advances in the effects of main air pollutants on male and female reproductive system，reproductive cells，reproductive function and embryo development.

Key words: Air pollutants, Genitalia, female, Genitalia, male, Germ cells, Embryonic development