骨形态发生蛋白15调控卵泡发育及与生殖内分泌疾病的关系

doi:10.12280/gjszjk.20220023

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

骨形态发生蛋白15（bone morphogenetic protein 15,BMP15）作为卵母细胞分泌因子,在调控卵泡发育过程中起着重要的作用。BMP15通过协同双调蛋白、上调卵丘扩张基因的表达,促进卵母细胞发育成熟;BMP15能增加颗粒细胞对卵泡刺激素（follicle-stimulating hormone,FSH）的敏感性,刺激颗粒细胞中Kit配体的表达从而促进颗粒细胞的增殖分化;BMP15通过调节卵泡凋亡相关因子的表达抑制卵泡闭锁;BMP15还可通过调节FSH受体及下游Smad信号通路介导对类固醇激素的调节。BMP15表达降低或基因突变,可能通过诱导颗粒细胞凋亡,阻碍早期卵泡发育及卵子发生过程,介导多囊卵巢综合征、早发性卵巢功能不全等多种疾病的发生。综述BMP15在卵泡发生过程中的作用及与相关生殖内分泌疾病的最新研究进展。

关键词: 骨形态发生蛋白质类, 卵泡闭锁, 粒层细胞, 细胞凋亡, 多囊卵巢综合征, 早发性卵巢功能不全

Abstract:

Bone morphogenetic protein 15 (BMP15) as an oocyte-secreted factor is vital to the regulation of follicle development. BMP15 promotes the development and maturation of oocytes by cooperating with amphiregulin and up-regulating the expression of cumulus expansion genes. BMP15 also promotes the proliferation and differentiation of granulosa cells by increasing the sensitivity of granulosa cells to FSH and stimulating the expression of Kit ligands in granulosa cells. BMP15 inhibits follicular atresia by regulating the expression of follicle apoptosis-related factors; and BMP15 can also mediate the regulation of steroid hormones by regulating the FSH receptor and the downstream Smad signaling pathways. The decreased expression or gene mutation of BMP15 may induce the apoptosis of granulosa cells, hinder the process of early follicle development and oogenesis, and mediate the pathogenesis of various diseases such as polycystic ovary syndrome and premature ovarian insufficiency. In this article, we review the roles of BMP15 in folliculogenesis and the research progress of BMP15-related reproductive endocrine diseases.

Key words: Bone morphogenetic proteins, Follicular atresia, Granulosa cells, Apoptosis, Polycystic ovary syndrome, Premature ovarian insufficiency

陈明丽, 赵晓丽, 冯伟华, 夏天. 骨形态发生蛋白15调控卵泡发育及与生殖内分泌疾病的关系[J]. 国际生殖健康/计划生育, 2022, 41(3): 252-257.

CHEN Ming-li, ZHAO Xiao-li, FENG Wei-hua, XIA Tian. Regulation of Bone Morphogenetic Protein 15 on Follicular Development and Its Relationship with Reproductive Endocrine Diseases[J]. Journal of International Reproductive Health/Family Planning, 2022, 41(3): 252-257.

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