国际生殖健康/计划生育杂志 ›› 2026, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (4): 270-275.doi: 10.12280/gjszjk.20260007

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

初产妇妊娠晚期不良心理状态的影响因素分析及其对母婴结局的影响

陈燕, 王善林, 马振华(), 高慧, 周蓉, 丁明明, 向敏   

  1. 510010 广州中国人民解放军南部战区总医院妇产科(陈燕,王善林,马振华,高慧,丁明明向敏), 辅助生育中心(周蓉)
  • 收稿日期:2026-01-09 出版日期:2026-07-15 发布日期:2026-07-27
  • 通讯作者: 马振华 E-mail:mmhzzh@163.com

Analysis of Influencing Factors of Adverse Psychological State of Primipara in Late Pregnancy and Its Impact on Maternal and Infant Outcome

CHEN Yan, WANG Shan-lin, MA Zhen-hua(), GAO Hui, ZHOU Rong, DING Ming-ming, XIANG Min   

  1. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (CHEN Yan, WANG Shan-lin, MA Zhen-hua, GAO Hui, DING Ming-ming, XIANG Min), Assisted Fertility Center (ZHOU Rong), General Hospital of Southern Theater Command, Guangzhou 510010, China
  • Received:2026-01-09 Published:2026-07-15 Online:2026-07-27
  • Contact: MA Zhen-hua E-mail:mmhzzh@163.com

摘要:

目的:探讨初产妇妊娠晚期不良心理状态的影响因素及其对母婴结局的影响。方法:选取264例初产妇作为研究对象,采用焦虑自评量表和抑郁自评量表对其妊娠晚期的心理状态进行评估,分析焦虑、抑郁症状的发生率及影响因素,并比较不同心理状态初产妇的母婴结局。结果:264例初产妇中,妊娠晚期焦虑症状发生率为23.11%(61/264),抑郁症状发生率为17.80%(47/264)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,文化程度低、家庭月收入低、社会支持程度低及睡眠状况差是妊娠晚期初产妇出现焦虑症状的危险因素(均P<0.05);文化程度低、与长辈居住、家庭月收入低、社会支持程度偏低及睡眠状况差是妊娠晚期初产妇出现抑郁症状的危险因素(均P<0.05)。焦虑组与非焦虑组、抑郁组与非抑郁组在剖宫产率及胎膜早破、产程延长、产后出血、产后抑郁、产后感染、胎儿宫内窘迫及早产发生率方面差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05),在婴幼儿1、3、6月龄时生长迟缓和低体质量发生率方面差异无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。结论:初产妇妊娠晚期焦虑、抑郁症状发生率较高,受文化程度、家庭月收入、社会支持和睡眠状况影响,且与不良母婴结局密切相关。

关键词: 初产妇, 妊娠末期, 焦虑, 抑郁, 妊娠结局, 生长和发育

Abstract:

Objective: To explore the influencing factors of adverse psychological state in primiparas during late pregnancy and its impact on maternal and infant outcome. Methods: A total of 264 primiparas were enrolled as the research objects. Self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) and self-rating depression scale (SDS) were used to evaluate their psychological state in late pregnancy. The incidence and influencing factors of anxiety and depression symptoms were analyzed, and maternal and infant outcomes were compared between the groups with different psychological state. Results: Among the 264 primiparas, the incidence of anxiety symptoms was 23.11% (61/264), and the incidence of depression symptoms was 17.80% (47/264) in late pregnancy. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that low education level, low monthly family income, poor social support and poor sleep status were risk factors for anxiety symptoms (all P<0.05); and that low education level, living with elders, low monthly family income, poor social support and poor sleep status were risk factors for depression symptoms (all P<0.05). Significant differences were found in cesarean section rate and the incidence of premature rupture of membranes, prolonged labor, postpartum hemorrhage, postpartum depression, postpartum infection, fetal intrauterine distress and premature delivery between the anxiety group and the non-anxiety group, as well as between the depression group and the non-depression group (all P<0.05). No significant differences were observed in the incidence of growth retardation and low body weight in infants at 1, 3 and 6 months of age (all P>0.05). Conclusions: The incidence of anxiety and depression symptoms is relatively high in primiparas during late pregnancy, which is affected by educational level, monthly family income, social support and sleep status, and is closely related to adverse maternal and infant outcomes.

Key words: Primipara, Late pregnancy, Anxiety, Depression, Pregnancy outcome, Growth and development