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Table of Content

    15 November 2011, Volume 30 Issue 6
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    专家论坛
    论著
    综述
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    专家论坛
    Research Progress on the Abnormal Uterine Bleeding and Adverse Problems Induced by Subcutaneous Implants as Contraceptive
    LEI Zhen-wu;ZHOU Jing
    2011, 30 (6):  425-428. 
    Abstract ( 2498 )   PDF (273KB) ( 7215 )  
    The subcutaneous implants with releasable progestin were popular contraceptive methods for reproductive age women. They were possible to cause abnomal uterine bleeding and potential adverse problems for health. Research progress on the pathogeny and treatment of uterine bleeding, as well as meningioma, bone density,thromboembolism risk and blood chemical parameter related with subcutaneous implants were described in this paper.
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    论著
    Effects of Comprehensive Intervention on Intrauterine Device Using Among Floating Population in Sichuan Project Communities
    ZHOU Ying;LI Yu-yan;ZHAO Hong-xin;WU Jun-qing;YE Jiang-feng;WANG Rui-ping;ZHANG Yu-feng
    2011, 30 (6):  433-435. 
    Abstract ( 2196 )   PDF (245KB) ( 7129 )  
    Objective: To evaluate the effect of comprehensive contraception intervention on the intrauterine device(IUD)?鄄related knowledge, usage and examination of IUD among floating population in Sichuan project communities. Methods: This study is a epidemiological intervention study. In intervention groups, comprehensive intervention measures including avocation, training, education, propaganda, integrated sexuality and reproductive health counseling,standard management, were implemented. Routine family planning work was conducted in control groups. By questionnaire survey pre- and post-intervention, the effects of intervention were evaluated. Results: 2 197 migrants were included in baseline survey, while 1 877 subjects were followed up. The awareness rate of IUD type of intervention group was increased from 39.17% to 56.40% by the integrated intervention(χ2=22.292 8, P<0.000 1). The proportion of subjects who had IUD examination in the current city was promoted from 55.76% to 79.27%(χ2=45.927 2,P<0.000 1). Logistic regression analysis showed that migrants in factory, migrants with whole family, migrants who were asked to provide certificates of marriage and procreation as the regulation of floating population by their current cities, had higher probability of IUD examination. Comprehensive intervention improved the probability of IUD examination(OR=1.400, 95% CI:1.123~1.745). Conclusions: Comprehensive intervention improved the knowledge of IUD, and promoted the probability of IUD examination.
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    The Relationship Between Visfatin Levels in Maternal and Neonatal Serum and Newborn Birth Weight
    LIN Xiao-man;SUN Li-qiang;LIN Xin-sheng
    2011, 30 (6):  436-437. 
    Abstract ( 1734 )   PDF (218KB) ( 7162 )  
    Objective: To investigate the relationship between visfatin levels in maternal serum and umbilical core serum and birth weight. Methods: According to newborn birth weight, sixty cases of pregnancy women in late trimester were divided to three groups: small for gestational age(SGA), appropriate for gestational age(AGA), large for gestational age(LGA). Fast?鄄blood samples were collected on the day of elective caesarean section, sera visfatin was analysed by ELISA. Newborn birth weight was recorded. Statistical analysis was made by SPSS17.0. Results: The visfatin concentrations in maternal serum of SGA, AGA and LGA group were statistically significant(F=500.04, P<0.05); similar increase of visfatin level was found in umbilical core serum of SGA, AGA and LGA group(F=354.69, P<0.05). The positive correlation was found between newborn birth weight and the visfatin concentration in maternal serum or umbilical core(r=0.528 and r=0.609, respectively, P<0.05). Conclusions: Visfatin, a new fat factor, participates in the regulation of fetal growth in uterus. It can be used as a marker of fetal weight.
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    Application of Laparoscopic Uterine Artery Ligation in the Treatment of Cervical or Cesarean Cicatrix Pregnancy
    WU Xiao-lan;LIU Shuai
    2011, 30 (6):  438-439. 
    Abstract ( 2083 )   PDF (247KB) ( 7165 )  
    Objective: To evaluate the curative effect of laparoscopic uterine artery ligation(LUAL) in the treatment of cervical or cesarean cicatrix pregnancy. Methods: Sixty-four cases of cervical or cesarean cicatrix pregnancy were retrospective analyzed. Cases were divided to two groups: one group was LUAL before curettage, another was simple curettage. The hemorrhage,curative effect and adverse reaction in two groups were compared. Results: The group of curettage with foregoing LUAL had less hemorrhage and better curative effect than control, without increasing the adverse reactions. Conclusions:LUAL is safe and effective in the treatment of cervical or cesarean cicatrix pregnancy.
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    Adult Attachment and Depression Level in Pregnant Women
    LI Tong-gui;ZHAO Li-xia
    2011, 30 (6):  440-443. 
    Abstract ( 1858 )   PDF (231KB) ( 7095 )  
    Objective: To explore the relationship of adult attachment with depression level in pregnant women. Methods: Relationship Questionnaire(RQ) and Experience of close relationships(ECR) inventory were used to assess the adult attachment in 176 participants. Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale(CES-D) was used to measure the depression level. Results: ①Distribution of adult attachment style in pregnant women was: 57.2% secure, 21.4% dismissing, 15.0% preoccupied and 6.4% fearful. ② Secure participants(11.58±7.09) were at the significantly low level of depression score when compared with the dismissing(18.16±10.85)、 fearful(18.82±7.68), and preoccupied(21.65±10.55) participants (F=12.78,P<0.01);③ CES-D score showed the significantly positive correlations with attachmently avoidance(r=0.445,P<0.01) or attachment anxiety(r=0.215, P<0.01). Conclusions: Adult attachment was significantly correlated to depression level in pregnant women.
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    Clinical Study of Etomidate During Induction of General Anesthesia on Laparoscopic Operation of Gynecology
    LU Dong-dong;YUAN-Feng
    2011, 30 (6):  444-445. 
    Abstract ( 2277 )   PDF (194KB) ( 7187 )  
    Objective: To compare the effects of etomidate and propofol on circulatory system during induction of general anesthesia on laparoscopic operation of gynecology. Methods: Sixty patients of laparoscopic operation of gynecology, at Ⅰ~Ⅱselected by ASA, were randomly and equally divided into two groups. Etomidate group(E group) were treated with midazolam 0.05 mg/kg, fentanyl 2~3 μg/kg, etomidate 0.2 mg/kg, cis?鄄atracurium 0.15 mg/kg; propofol group(P group) with midazolam 0.05 mg/kg, fentanyl 2~3 μg/kg and propofol 1 mg/kg, cis-atracurium 0.15 mg/kg. Drugs were transfused by intravenous injection. Heart rate (HR), systolic blood pressure(SBP) and diastolic blood pressure(DBP) were recorded before induction (T0), after induction(T1), intubation(T2) and after intubation 1(T3), 3(T4), 5(T5) min. The concentration of plasma norepinephrine(NE) was analysed on T0, T4,T5. Results:①The differences of HR, SBP and DBP on T0 between two groups were not statistically significant(P>0.05), while the differences of three parameters on T1 of the P group were statistically significant when respectively compared with those on T0 (P<0.05). ②HR,SBP and DBP of the two groups on T2 were significantly higher than those on T1(P<0.05), meanwhile three parameters on T2 , T3 were significantly higher than those on T4(P<0.05).③NE level of E group on T4 and T5 were significantly higher than those of P group(P<0.05). Conclusions: Etomidate in patients as inducing general anesthesia for laparoscopic operation of gynecology has more stable hemodynamics than propofol.
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    The Observation of the Clinical Effect for One-time Vaginal Antibacterial Adsorption Device Used After Uterine All Cut Method for Prevention the Vaginitis
    LIU Feng-qin
    2011, 30 (6):  446-447. 
    Abstract ( 2252 )   PDF (194KB) ( 7133 )  
    Objective: To assess the use of one?鄄time vaginal antibacterial adsorption device used after uterine all cut method for prevention the vaginitis. Method: 128 patients, accepting hysterectomy due to their benign gynecologic disease, were divided into 2 groups randomly. Each group of 64 was named the observation group and the other was the control group. Instead of the control group without any treatment, One-time vaginal antibacterial adsorption devices were experienced in the members of the observation group after they accepted the operations, 1 a/d, taken out after 8 hours, continuing 8 days. Results: The infective rate of members in the observation group, accepting the hysterectomy for 3 months, was 21.8%, but there are 56.2% patients in the control group infecting it. The vaginal yeast infection rates were 4.6%, and 17.1%; Two groups of comparisons show the statistically significant differences (P<0.01). Vaginal residual end granulation formation rate was 7.8% and 10.9% respectively, difference had no statistically significant (P>0.05). Conclusions: Wei Yin Kang can improved the secretion, effectively prevent vaginitis happen, be safety and no adverse reaction after the hysterectomy.
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    综述
    Effectiveness and Safety of the Termination of Midtrimester Pregnancy
    HOU Shu-ping;CHENG Li-nan
    2011, 30 (6):  448-453. 
    Abstract ( 1875 )   PDF (305KB) ( 7212 )  
    Many pregnancies end in induced abortion worldwide each year. Midtrimester induced abortion is responsible for two?-thirds of all major complications. Both skilled doctors and pregnant women with the informed consent make the midtrimester induce abortion more effective and safe. Most of the induced abortion with mifepristone plus misoprostol do not need a routine post-abortion curettage. Intro-amniotic injection with ethacridine lactate is an alternative in the country or area where mifepristone is either unaffordable or unavailable should be close supervise the abortion procedure for women with prior uterine scar to have the midtrimester pregnant termination to avoid abortion complication.
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    Effect of Indomethacin Contained in the Indomethacin-releasing Intrauterine Device and Its Mechanism
    XIU Rui-jie;GU Xiang-ying
    2011, 30 (6):  454-457. 
    Abstract ( 2641 )   PDF (252KB) ( 7272 )  
    Intrauterine device(IUD) is the most widely used contraceptive method in fertile woman in China. The main side effects of IUD are hypermenorrhea and bit bleeding in menstrual interphase. Indomethacin-releasing IUD is a efficient contraceptive, efficaciously preventing those side effects. A lot of study suggested that indomethacin inhibited ovulation in mammals. It is necessary to study the effects of inclomthacin-releasing IUD and its new mechanism to clarify whether indomethacin-releasing IUD inhibit ovulation and fertilization in the human famale.
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    NR4A1 Orphan Nuclear Receptors Modulate the Energy Metabolism
    DONG Li;CUI Yui-gui;LIU Jia-yin
    2011, 30 (6):  458-461. 
    Abstract ( 1995 )   PDF (241KB) ( 7168 )  
    Orphan nuclear receptor NR4A1, a member of the nuclear receptor superfamily, is widely expressed in different cell types. NR4A1 mediates diverse biological processes, such as cell cycle(proliferation or apoptosis), formation of steroid hormone and is involved, NR4A1 was closely related with neurological diseases, tumor, atherosclerosis. Recently, emerging evidence suggested that NR4A1 played an important role in the transcriptional regulation of energy metabolism and balance.
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    Research Progress on the Differentiation of Germ Cells Induced from Stem Cells
    WANG Yuan-yuan;HUANG Xun-bin
    2011, 30 (6):  462-466. 
    Abstract ( 2442 )   PDF (241KB) ( 7248 )  
    Embryonic stem cells(ESCs) are pluripotent stem cells, which can be induced to differentiate into germ cells. Because of their tumorigenicity and ethical issues, their clinical application were astricted. Adult stem cells(ASCs) are multipotent stem cells, they have potential to differentiate into germ cells in theory, but the inducing process are often complicated. Induced pluripotent stem cells(iPS) are the pluripotent and reprogrammed somatic cells which can be used to replace ESC in basic and clinical research, to some extent. The morbidity of infertility increased in these years, so it is important to understand the mechanism of germ cell differentiation for potential infertility treatment. Here, we reviewed the recent progress on the derivation of germ cells from stem cells.
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    Differentiation of Germ Cells Induced from Stem Cells
    TIAN Hai-qing;CAI Xia
    2011, 30 (6):  467-470. 
    Abstract ( 1882 )   PDF (234KB) ( 7121 )  
    Stem cells exhibit unique properties, including the capacity of self?鄄renew and differentiate into all cell types. They consist of embryonic stem cells(ESCs) and adult stem cells(ASCs). ESCs are totipotent cells, which derived from the inner cell mass(ICM) of blastocysts. They have the potential to differentiate into all cell types, including germ cells. In recent years, considerable progress has been made in the study of human ESCs. Human ESCs can differentiate into sperm cells and mature occytes in vitro. However, clinical use of ESCs faces the immunological rejection, oncogenicity and ethical controversies problems. ASC is a kind of pluripotent stem cell, so it can also differentiate into germ cell in certain condition. ASCs can advoid these problems, and they may have a better perpective. If germ cell should be derivered from ASCs in clinical application and produce live offspring. The approach could possibly provide new treatments for infertility. In this reviews, we will induce the progress that ESCs and ASCs differentiate into germ cells.
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    Progresses on Mechanisms of Embryo Implantation
    XU Bin;LI Yan-ping
    2011, 30 (6):  471-475. 
    Abstract ( 2046 )   PDF (302KB) ( 7154 )  
    Embryo implantation is a process of endometrium accepting embryo. Human embryo implantation is consist of three-stage process: apposition, adhesion and invasion. Successful implantation requires a functionally normal blastocyst, a receptive endometrium, and adequate maternal-fetal interaction. A large number of molecular mediators and genes have been identified, but many new molecular mediators and genes were undiscovered. New functions of those moleculars and genes are investigated. Research on mechanisms of embryo implantation is conducive to the diagnosis and treatment of infertility.
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    Effects of Environmental Estrogens on Female Reproductive System and Menstruation
    LU Ze-chun;ZHANG Wen-ying
    2011, 30 (6):  476-478. 
    Abstract ( 2525 )   PDF (252KB) ( 7121 )  
    Environmental estrogens mainly included phytoestrogens, synthetic chemical pesticides, fertilizers and growth agents, and food ingredients. It had been proved that the natural and synthetic chemicals with estrogenic activities had some influence on human cardiovascular disease, breast cancer and nervous system disorders. Lots of epidemiological investigation and animal experiment indicated that environmental estrogens had reproductive or developmental toxicity in male, but the research in female, such as the effects of environmental estrogens on female reproductive system and menstrual cycle, was relatively poor. Study on the pathogenic mechanism of those effects is still under way. In this review, we discussed sources of environmental estrogens and its effects on reproductive system and menstruation in female animal and women.
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    Research Progression in Primary Ovarian Failure
    BAO Lei;ZHANG Shao-fen;ZHANG Yue-ping
    2011, 30 (6):  479-483. 
    Abstract ( 2304 )   PDF (355KB) ( 7144 )  
    Primary ovarian failure(POF) is a common cause of female infertility, with the incidence ascending year by year. The known causes of POF include chromosomal defects, autoimmune diseases,exposure to radiation or chemotherapy, surgical procedures, and some drugs. Even so, the majority of patients could have no etiological evidence. Inhibin and Anti Mullerian Hormone could be used as marks for presymptomatic diagnosis of POF. The diagnosis is based on the amenorrhea before age 40 associated with the elevated FSH levels in the menopausal range. Management essentially involves hormone replacement and infertility treatment. Oocyte donation is the only proven means for infertility treatment of POF.
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    Cesarean Scar Pregnancy: a Review of Literatures
    YAN Ding-ding;HUANG Li-li
    2011, 30 (6):  484-488. 
    Abstract ( 1776 )   PDF (272KB) ( 7179 )  
    Cesarean scar pregnancy is a rare special type of ectopic pregnancy. With the rising of cesarean section rates in recent years, more and more cases of uterine scar pregnancy were reported. The pathogenesis remains unclear, but is thought to be related with endometrial injury. Postmenopausal vaginal bleeding is the most common symptom, sometimes accompanied by abdominal pain. Transvaginal ultrasound is now the primary method of diagnosis. The malpractice could lead to serious hemorrhea. Pregnancy should be immediately terminated once the diagnosis of cesarean scar pregnancy is made. Standard treatment has not been uniformed. There are several therapys, such as Methotrexate, dilatation and curettage, uterine artery embolization combined dilatation and curettage, hysteroscopy, laparoscopy and hysterectomy.
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    Diagnosis and Treatment of Acute Pancreatitis with Pregnancy
    LUAN Jin-qian;CHEN Dan-qing
    2011, 30 (6):  489-492. 
    Abstract ( 1842 )   PDF (317KB) ( 7138 )  
    Acute pancreatitis with pregnancy is rare in clinical, however, it is a serious symptom for both mothers and fetus because of its atypical clinical symptoms. It is also difficult to diagnose and treat the acute pancreatitis with pregnancy for its dspecial environment nature of pregnancy and high security requirements. In recent years, the diagnostic accuracy and sensitivity of acute pancreatitis with pregnancy, and treatment effect, have been greatly increased by the emerged diagnostic techniques based on endoscopic ultrasonography and cholangiopancreatography, as well as the improved therapeutic methods, such as cholecystectomy and sphincterotomy.
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    Parent-Adolescent Communication About Sexual Issues
    ZUO Xia-yun;LOU Chao-hua;TU Xiao-wen
    2011, 30 (6):  493-496. 
    Abstract ( 2362 )   PDF (228KB) ( 7104 )  
    Parents are the first sex educators for their children. Research on parent-adolescent communication about sexuality could be traced back to 1970s, and recently have been the new focus in the field of adolescent sexology and reproductive health. In this article, we reviewed the status of parent?鄄child communication on sexuality, the influencing factors, as well as the impact of communication on adolescents’ sexual attitudes and behaviors, which provided scientific information for Chinese scientists to develop research in this field.
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