Table of Content

15 January 2012, Volume 31 Issue 1
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专家论坛
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专家论坛

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Surrogacy QU Wen-yu 2012, 31 (1):  4-5.  Abstract ( 1933 )   PDF (271KB) ( 7311 )   Surrogacy， ａ ｔｅｃｈｎｉｑｕｅ ｄｅｒｉｖｅｄ ｆｒｏｍ ａｓｓｉｓｔｅｄ ｒｅｐｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｖｅ ｔｅｃｈｎｏｌｏｇｙ， brings ｈｏｐｅ ｔｏ those ｉｎｆｅｒｔｉｌｉｔｙ women. It ａｌｓｏ ｂｒｉｎｇｓ ａ ｓｅｒｉｅｓ ｏｆ ｓｏｃｉａｌ ａｎｄ ｅｔｈｉｃａｌ ｄｉｓｐｕｔｅｓ such as ｃｏｍｍｅｒｃｉａｌｉｚaｔｉｏｎ， covert transtaction， ｓｏｃｉａｌ ｓａｔｕｓ between ｓｕｒｒｏｇａｔｅ ｍｏｔｈｅｒ ａｎｄ ｏｆｆｓｐｒｉｎｇ． Ｉｎ ｔｈｉｓ paper， I ｉｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｅ ｔｈｅ ｄｅｆｉｎｉｔｉｏｎ ｏｆ ｓｕｒｒｏｇａｃｙ， ｉｔｓ ｃｌａｓｓｉｆｉｃａｔｉｏｎ ａｎｄ ｌｅｇｉｓｌａｔｉｏｎ ｉｎ world． Ａｆｔｅｒ ｔｈａｔ， I ｒａｉｓｅd ａ ｎｕｍｂｅｒ ｏｆ ｑｕｅｓｔｉｏｎｓ worth thinking about． Related Articles | Metrics

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Indication for Gametes Donation and Its Ethical Consideration FENG Yun 2012, 31 (1):  6-8.  Abstract ( 2242 )   PDF (277KB) ( 7267 )   Ｔｈｅ ｎｅｗ ａｓｓｉｓｔｅｄ ｒｅｐｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｖｅ ｔｅｃｈｎｏｌｏｇy（ＡＲＴ） ｈｅｌｐｅｄ ｍｏｒｅ ａｎｄ ｍｏｒｅ ｉｎｆｅｒｔｉｌｅ ｐａｔｉｅｎｔｓ ｔｏ ｈａｖｅ ｔｈｅｉｒ ｂａｂｉｅｓ， ａｎｄ ｂｒｉｎｇ ｈｏｐｅ ｔｏ ｔｈｏｓｅ ｗｏｍｅｎ ｗｉｔｈ ｇｅｎｅｔｉｃ ｄｉｓｅａｓｅｓ ａｎｄ ｏｌｄｅｒ ｗｏｍｅｎ． Ｈｏｗｅｖｅｒ， ｔｈｅ ＡＲＴｓ ｉｎｖｏｌｖｅｄ ｉｎ ｖａｒｉｏｕｓ ｉｎｔｅｒｅｓｔｓ ｏｆ ｉｎｆｅｒｔｉｌｅ ｃｏｕｐｌｅｓ， ａｎｄ ｔｈｅｉｒ ｆａｍｉｌｉｅｓ ａｎｄ ｇｅｎｅｒａｔｉｏｎｓ， ｅｖｅｎ ｓｏｃｉａｌ ｉｎｔｅｒｅｓｔ． Ｎｅｗ ｅｔｈｉｃａｌ ｉｓｓｕｅｓ ａｒｅ ｅｍｅｒｇｉｎｇ ｆｏｌｌｏｗｉｎｇ the development ＡＲＴ， ｓｕｃｈ ａｓ ｇａｍｅｔｅｓ ｄｏｎａｔｉｏｎ． Ｔｈｅ ｅｔｈｉｃａｌ ｉｓｓｕｅｓ ｃｏｎｃｅｒｎｉｎｇ ｇａｍｅｔｅｓ ｄｏｎａｔｉｏｎ ａｒｅ ｂｅｃｏｍｉｎｇ ｐｒｏｍｉｎｅｎｔ． Ｉｎ ｔｈｉｓ ｐａｐｅｒ， ｗｅ ｄｉｓｃｕｓｓｅｄ ｔｈｅ ｇａｍｅｔｅｓ ｄｏｎａｔｉｏｎ， ｅｔｈｉｃａｌ ｉｓｓｕｅｓ， ａｎｄ ｉｎｄｉｃａｔｉｏｎ ｆｏｒ ｇａｍｅｔｅｓ ｄｏｎａｔｉｏｎ． Related Articles | Metrics

热点问题

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Risk of Assisted Reproductive Technology in Patients with Infective Ｄｉｓｅａｓｅｓ， ａｎd Its Prevention HUANG Yuan-hua 2012, 31 (1):  13-16.  Abstract ( 1856 )   PDF (268KB) ( 7261 )   Ｉｎ ａｓｓｉｓｔａｎｔ ｒｅｐｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｖｅ ｔｅｃｈｎｉｑｕｅ（ＡＲＴ）， ｔｈｅ ｃｌｉｎｉｃａｌ ｅｎｄｏｃｒｉｎｏｌｏｇｉｃａｌ ｍａｎａｇｅｍｅｎｔ ｃｏｕｌｄ ｃｈａｎｇｅ ｔｈｅ ｄｅｆｅｎｓｉｖｅ ｆｕｎｃｔｉｏｎ ｏｆ ｆｅｍａｌｅ ｒｅｐｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｖｅ ｔｒａｃｔ ｔｏ ｍｉｃｒｏｏｒｇａｎｉｓｍｓ， ａｎｄ ｇａｍｅｔｅｓ／ｅｍｂｒｙｏｓ ｏｐｅｒａｔｉｏｎ ａｎｄ ｔｒａｎｓｆｅｒ ｉｎ ｖｉｔｒｏ ｒｅｐｌａｃｅｄ ｉｎｔｅｒｃｏｕｒｓｅ． Ｔｈｅｓｅ ｃｌｉｎｉｃａｌ ｐｒｏｃｅｄｕｒｅｓ ｈａｖｅ ｒｉｓｋｓ ｏｆ ｔｈｅ ｍｅｃｈａｎｉｃａｌ ｓｐｒｅａｄ ｏｆ ｐａｔｈｏｇｅｎｉｃ ｍｉｃｒｏｏｒｇａｎｉｓｍ． Ｆｅｍａｌｅ ｐａｒｔｎｅｒ ｃｏｕｌｄ ｂｅ ｉｎ ｈｉｇｈｅｒ ｒｉｓｋ ｗｈｅｎ ＡＲＴ ｗａｓ ｕｓｅｄ ｉｎ ｔｈｅ ｓｔｅｒｉｌｉｔｙ ｃｏｕｐｌｅｓ ｔｈａｔ ｈｕｓｂａｎｄ ｓｕｆｆｅｒｅｄ ｆｒｏｍ ｓｅｘｕａｌ ｔｒａｎｓmitｔｅｄ ｄｉｓｅａｓｅｓ（ＳＴＤ）． Ｗｅ ｓｈｏｕｌｄ ｐａｙ ｅｎｏｕｇｈ ａｔｔｅｎｔｉｏｎ ｔｏ ｔｈｅ ｆｅｍａｌｅ ｒｅｐｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｖｅ ｔｒａｃｔ ｉｎｆｅｃｔｉｏｎ ｉｎ ＡＲＴ， ｔｏ ａｖｏｉｄ ｃｏｎｔａｍｉｎａｔｅ ｏｆ ｐａｔｈｏｇｅｎｉｃ ｍｉｃｒｏｏｒｇａｎｉｓｍ ｉｎｔｏ ｆｅｍａｌｅ． Ｉｔ ｓｈｏｕｌｄ ｂｅ ａｓｓｅｓｓｅｄ ｃａｒｅｆｕｌｌｙ ｗｈｅｎ ＡＲＴ ｗａｓ ｕｓｅｄ ｉｎ ｔｈｏｓｅ ｃｏｕｐｌｅｓ ｗｉｔｈ ｍａｌｅ ＳＴＤ ｂｅｃａｕｓｅ ＳＴＤ ｃｏｕｌｄ ｉｎｆｅｃｔ ｆｅｍａｌｅ ｂｙ ｔｈｅ ｃｌｉｎｉｃａｌ ｐｒｏｃｅｄｕｒｅｓ． Ｉｎ ｔｈａｔ ｃａｓｅ， ａ ｓａｆｅ ｓｐｅｒｍ ｓｅｐａｒａｔｉｏｎ ｍｅｔｈｏｄ ａｎｄ ｓｔａｎｄａｒｄ ｏｐｅｒａｔｉｎｇ ｐｒｏｃｅｄｕｒｅ ｓｈｏｕｌｄ ｂｅ ｅｓｔａｂｌｉｓｈｅｄ， ａｎｄ ｔｈｅ ｃｏｍｐｒｅｈｅｎｓｉｖｅ ｉｎｆｏｒｍｅｄ ｃｏｎｓｅｎｔ ｓｈｏｕｌｄ ｂｅ ｅｘｃｈａｎｇｅｄ ｗｉｔｈ ｔｈｅ ｃｏｕｐｌｅｓ． Ｔｈｅ ｉｎｃｉｄｅｎｃｅ ｏｆ ｃｒｏｓｓ ｉｎｆｅｃｔｉｏｎ ｏｆ ＨＩＶ ｉｎ ＡＲＴ ｓｈｏｕｌｄ ｂｅ ｒｅ－ａｓｓｅｓｓｅｄ ｉｎ ｒｅｓｐｅｃｔｓ ｏｆ ｂｉｏｌｏｇｙ， ｌａｂｏｒａｔｏｒｙ ｐｒｏｃｅｄｕｒｅ ａｎｄ ｅｔｈｉｃｓ． Ｔｈｅ ｒｅｓｔｒｉｃｔｅｄ ｌａｂｏｒａｔｏｒｙ ｏｐｅｒａｔｉｎｇ ｐｒｏｃｅｄｕｒｅ ｉｓ ｅｓｓｅｎｔｉａｌ ｆｏｒ ｔｈｅ ｐｒｅｖｅｎｔｉｏｎ ｏｆ ａｃｃｉｄｅｎｔ ｃｏｎｔａｍｉｎａｔｉｏｎ ｗｈｉｃｈ ｂｅ ｏｆ ｌａｂｏｒａｔｏｒｙ ｃａｒｅｌｅｓｓｎｅｓｓ． Related Articles | Metrics

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肝炎，乙型，慢性；肝炎病毒，乙型；肝炎表面抗原，乙型；生殖技术，辅助；疾病传播，垂直；阻断疗法 ＸＵ Ｘｉａｎ;ＳＯＮＧ Ｍｅｎｇ－ｌｉｎｇ 2012, 31 (1):  17-19.  Abstract ( 2226 )   PDF (232KB) ( 7309 )   Chronic hepatitis B， the largest infectious disease in China which damaged to health seriously，should be given wide attention. With the rising incidence of hepatitis B patients and the rapid development of assisted reproductive technology（ART）， the transmission of hepatitis B virus during ART become a hot topic. when ART was applied in those chronic hepatitis B patients， there was probability of cross-infection or the risk of nosocomial infection because of improper operation and poor management. Hepatitis B virus could spread to both normal gametes and embryos， even transmit to medical technicians. However， scientific and rational implementation of ART can reduce the risk of virus transmission to progeny. In this review， we discussed the risk and prevention of transmission of hepatitis B virus in ART. Related Articles | Metrics

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The Security of Manipulating Gametes and Embryos ZENG Yong;SONG Cheng;ZHANG Wei 2012, 31 (1):  20-22.  Abstract ( 2450 )   PDF (208KB) ( 7219 )   Ｔｈｅ ｃｈａｒａｃｔｅｒｉｓｔｉｃ ｏｆ ａｓｓｉｓｔｅｄ ｒｅｐｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｖｅ ｔｅｃｈｎｏｌｏｇｙ（ＡＲＴ） ｉｓ ｔｏ ｈａｎｄｌｅ ｇａｍｅｔｅｓ ａｎｄ ｅｍｂｒｙｏｓ ｉｎ ｖｉｔｒｏ ｆｅｒｔｉｌｉｚａｔｉｏｎ ｔｏ ｇｅｔ ｑｕａｌｉｆｉｅｄ ｅｍｂｒｙｏｓ， ｔｈｅｎ ｔｏ ｔｒａｎｓｆｅｒ ｉｔ ｔｏ ｗｉｆｅ＇ｓ ｕｔｅｒｕｓ． Ｉｔ ｉｓ ｖｅｒｙ ｉｍｐｏｒｔａｎｔ ｔｏ ｍａｎｉｐｕｌａｔｅ ｇａｍｅｔｅｓ ａｎｄ ｅｍｂｒｙｏｓ ｓａｆｅｌｙ ａｎｄ ｐｒｏｐｅｒｌｙ． Ａｌｌ ｐｒｏｃｅｄｕｒｅｓ ｃｏｎｄｕｃｔｅｄ ｉｎ ｔｈｅ ｌａｂｏｒａｔｏｒｙ ｉｎｖｏｌｖｅ ｓｏ ｍａｎｙ ｍａｎｉｐｕｌａｔｉｏｎｓ， ｓｕｃｈ ａｓ ｇａｍｅｔｅｓ ｃｏｌｌｅｃｔｉｏｎ， ｅｍｂｒｙｏｓ ｃｕｌｔｉｖａｔｉｎｇ ａｎｄ ｅｍｂｒｙｏｓ ｃｒｙｏｐｒｅｓｅｒｖａｔｉｏｎ． Ｔｈｅｒｅ ｉｓ ｔｈｅ ｐｏｓｓｉｂｉｌｉｔｙ ｏｆ ｅｒｒｏｒｓ， ｗｈｉｃｈ ｉｓ ｄｉｒｅｃｔｌｙ ｒｅｌｅｖａｎｔ ｔｏ ｍａｎｙ ｅｔｈｉｃａｌ ｐｒｏｂｌｅｍｓ． Ｓｏ， ｉｔ ｉｓ ｎｅｃｅｓｓａｒｙ ｔｏ ｅｓｔａｂｌｉｓｈ ａｎｄ ｉｍｐｌｅｍｅｎｔ ｔｈｅ ｃｌｅａｒ ａｎｄ ｐｒａｃｔｉｃａｌ ｌａｂｏｒａｔｏｒｙ ｓａｆｅｔｙ ｓｙｓｔｅｍ ｆｏｒ ｍｉｎｉｍｉｚｉｎｇ ｔｈｅ ｐｏｔｅｎｔｉａｌ ｒｉｓｋ． Ｉｎ ｔｈｉｓ ｒｅｖｉｅｗ， ｗｅ ｄｉｓｃｕｓｓｅｄ ｈｏｗ ｔｏ ｐｒｏｍｏｔｅ ｔｈｅ ｓａｆｅｔｙ ｏｆ ｍａｎｉｐｕｌａｔｉｎｇ ｇａｍｅｔｅｓ ａｎｄ ｅｍｂｒｙｏｓ ｉｎ ＡＲＴ， ｈｏｗ ｔｏ ｅｎｓｕｒｅ ｔｈｅ ｆｕｒｔｈｅｓｔ ｂｅｎｅｆｉｔ ｏｆ ｐａｔｉｅｎｔｓ ｗｈｏ ｈａｄ ＡＲＴ． Ｉｔ ｉｓ ｈｅｌｐｆｕｌ ｔｏ ｐｒｏｍｏｔｅ ＡＲＴ ｉｎ Ｃｈｉｎｅｓｅ， ｐｒｏｖｉｄｉｎｇ ａ ｃｏｎｓｉｓｔｅｎｔｌｙ ｈｉｇｈ－ｑｕａｌｉｔｙ ｓｅｒｖｉｃｅ ｕｎｄｅｒ ｔｈｅ ｓｏｃｉａｌ ｅｔｈｉｃｓ ｒｅｇｕｌａｔｉｏｎ． Related Articles | Metrics

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Management of Donoring Semen Treatment YU Li-zhi;ZHAO Yu-ya;LI Li 2012, 31 (1):  23-25.  Abstract ( 1801 )   PDF (277KB) ( 7231 )   ART brings us much questions on ethical problem, and debate much more than ever before. The ethical principles of ART include 7 fields, including patients benifit, the informed consent, offspring protection, social services, privacy protection, being strictly on guard against commercialization, and ethical overseeing. The clashes of ethic notion in AID are more obvious. If we don't have the standardized management, serious consequences in society and ethics could be produced. Based on the recent 5 years of clinical practice, our hospital had made many good attempts in management of ART, and constructed a series of effective management policies such as the informed consent, following up and semen freezing. The management was proved to be effctive. Related Articles | Metrics

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Zero Defect Management in Assisted Reproductive Technology SHEN Huan;WU Dan 2012, 31 (1):  26-28.  Abstract ( 1713 )   PDF (221KB) ( 7247 )   Objective： To apply the use Zero Defect Management in assisted reproductive technology (ART), to decrease medical errors to zero in the management of ART patients. Methods: To meet the Zero Defect Managemen， people were the principal part of management. Employee were trained in the philosophy of zero defects, the idea of “defect prevention is preferable to quality inspection and correction” and “do things right the first time”. The standard operating procedures was developed for the quality control. The quality improvement was continuously maintained. Results: The management objectives for ARTs treatment were developed in details. The standard operating procedures of quality control were established in all aspects of ART. The organization team for the quality continuous improvement was set up. Conclusions: Zero Defect Management was a effective and continuously improving management of ART, which can effectively prevent medical errors and ensure medical safety. Related Articles | Metrics

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Ethical Management of Study on Human Embryonic Stem Cells Isolation SHI Cheng;WANG Cheng-yan;SHEN Huan 2012, 31 (1):  29-31.  Abstract ( 1905 )   PDF (239KB) ( 7233 )   Objective： To establish the relevent ethical management system of human embryonic stem cells. It should meet to the Chinese situation， more important to comply with the standards of international stem cell ethics in the process of submitting Chinese human embryonic stem cells line into the international stem cell bank. Methods： In the fund of Bill Gates’ Foundation，we collected embryos from our IVF center to derive human embryonic stem cells lines cooperating with Laboratory of Stem Cell and Generative Biology， College of Life Sciences， Peking University. In the study，how to collect and use the embryos following the international stem cell ethics was discussed step by step to get a practical protocol. Results： Both Chinese human stem cell lines and the ethical management system were established. Conclusions： We must seriously follow the ethical principles when doing research on human embryonic stem cells. The international stem cell ethical management ordinance can be combined with Chinese relevent principles organically. Related Articles | Metrics

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Construction of a Dual Referral System for Infertility Treatment SU Feng-jin;CUI Yu-gui;WANG Jing;TAO Shu-zhen;LIU Jia-yin 2012, 31 (1):  32-34.  Abstract ( 2416 )   PDF (227KB) ( 7256 )   Objective： To construct and promote a dual referral system of infertility diagnosis and treatment in a reasonable and practical manner， and try to solve the problems of construction of dual referral systems in sanitary system, as a exploratory stage. Methods： The standardized diagnosis and treatment procedure of infertility and sterility and the clinical pathway of preliminary screening on the pathogeny of fertility and sterility were established. The database system of electronic management was put into practice which was developed in our center and named CCRM. The advanced training course of 3 months' duration, together with the lecture circuit and experts out-calls, was held. The clinical shortcut service system,so called Green Channel Clinic, and the demonstration clinics were set up. Results： The preliminary statistics， from 2006 to 2008， showed that the number of referrals reached 573 person-time from the eight outpatient clinics， with the referral rate of 8.8%（573/6 501）. In 2009, the referrals was 447 person-time from the 10 outpatient clinics， with the referral rate of 2.88%（４４７/15 ５2７）． Ｆｒｏｍ Ｊａｎｕａｒｙ ２００５ ｔｏ Ｓｅｐｔｅｍｂｅｒ ２０１０， ｔｈｅ ｎｕｍｂｅｒ ｏｆ referral patients accepted by Green Channel Clinic was 648； the experts out-call times was 44， and the number of accepted referral outpatients was 1 240; 133 trainees finished their three-months' advanced training program; the training courses were held up to 16 times with 1 223 participants； 27 outpatient clinics of infertility and sterility were set up； 32 hospitals joined in the training of the database system. Conclusions： It is concluded from our practice that good results were achieved on effective infertility diagnosis and treatment due to the construction of the infertility dual referral system. By establishment of the standardized fertility diagnosis and treatment procedure and the clinical pathway of preliminary screening on the pathogeny of fertility and sterility, patients' medical cost was reduced, patients’ difficulty in access to high-quality medical services was relieved, significance of the dual referral system was embodied. Related Articles | Metrics

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The Investigation of Ethic Problem and Informed Consent in Patients Accepted Assisted Reproductive Technique of AID SONG Ge;WANG Qi-ling;LU Yan-hua;JIANG Xiao-ling;ZENG Li-ping;YANG Shuai;LI Jin-zhi;TANG Yun-ge 2012, 31 (1):  35-37.  Abstract ( 2124 )   PDF (247KB) ( 7253 )   Objective： To investigate the comprehension and behavior of ethic problem and informed consent in those couples accepted artificial insemination by donor（AID）. Methods： The self-administered investigation questionnaire， including general information， fertility pressure， comprehension and behavior of ethic problem and informed consent， was asked 92 objects who will accepted the assisted reproductive techniques（ART） of artificial insemination by donor. Data processing methods were descriptive statistics and multiple choice analyses. Results： Patients have strong desire and great pressure on fertility. The pressure was from society， family and themselves. They had more fully comprehended the critical issues relating to AID， while only 75 percent of them know the possibility of birth defects by this technique. If biological characteristics of donors could be selected， 58 percent of patients selected height first， appearance and education on turn. All patients agreed to sign the detailed medical informed consent prior to undergoing AID. Conclusions： To avoid ethics disputes， patients must undergo the medical informed consent process to understand fully the risks prior to undergoing AID. Related Articles | Metrics

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Value of Elective Single Blastocyst Transfer in Reducing Multiple Pregnancy Rates in IVF/ICSI Patients ＺＨＡＮＧ Ｂｏ;ＦＥＮＧ Ｇｕｉ－ｘｕｅ;ＺＨＯＵ Ｈｏｎｇ;ＷＵ Ｆａｎｇ－ｒｏｎｇ 2012, 31 (1):  38-41.  Abstract ( 1927 )   PDF (233KB) ( 7255 )   Objecｔｉｖｅ： Ｔｏ ｉｎｖｅｓｔｉｇａｔｅ ｔｈｅ ｅｆｆｅｃｔｓ ｏｆ ｅｌｅｃｔｉｖｅ ｂｌａｓｔｏｃｙｓｔ ｃｕｌｔｕｒｅ ａｎｄ ｓｉｎｇｌｅ ｂｌａｓｔｏｃｙｓｔ ｔｒａｎｓｆｅｒ（ｅＢＣ－ＳＢＴ） ｏｎ ｔｈｅ ｃｌｉｎｉｃａｌ ｐｒｅｇｎａｎｃｙ ｒａｔｅ（ＣＰＲ）， ｍｕｌｔｉｐｌｅ ｐｒｅｇｎａｎｃｙ ｒａｔｅ（ＭＰＲ） ａｎｄ ｍｏｎｏｚｙｇｏｔｉｃ ｔｗｉｎｎｉｎｇ ｒａｔｅ（ＭＺＴＲ）． Ｍｅｔｈｏｄｓ： Ａｃｃｏｒｄｉｎｇ ｔｏ ｗｈｅｔｈｅｒ ｔｈｅ ｅＢＣ－ＳＢＴ ｗａｓ ａｐｐｌｉｅｄ， ｐａｔｉｅｎｔｓ ｆｒｏｍ Ｊａｎｕａｒｙ ２００７ ｔｏ Ｎｏｖｅｍｂｅｒ ２００９ ｗｅｒｅ ｄｉｖｉｄｅｄ ｉｎｔｏ ｔｗｏ ｇｒｏｕｐｓ： ｎｏ－ｉｎｔｅｒｖｅｎｔｉｏｎ ｇｒｏｕｐ ａｎｄ ｉｎｔｅｒｖｅｎｔｉｏｎ ｇｒｏｕｐ． Ｆｏｒ ｔｈｅ ｎｏ- ｉｎｔｅｒｖｅｎｔｉｏｎ ｇｒｏｕｐ， Ｄａｙ－３ ｃｌｅａｖａｇｅ ｅｍｂｒｙｏｓ ｗｅｒｅ ｔｒａｎｓｆｅｒｒｅｄ ｂｅｆｏｒｅ ｔｈｅ ｉｎｔｅｒｖｅｎｔｉｏｎ ｏｆ ｔｈｅ ｅＢＣ－ＳＢＴ ｐｒｏｇｒａｍ． Ｆｏｒ ｔｈｅ ｉｎｔｅｒｖｅｎｔｉｏｎ ｇｒｏｕｐ， ｐａｔｉｅｎｔｓ ｗｉｔｈ ｇｏｏｄ ｐｒｏｇｎｏｓｉｓ ａｎｄ ｈｉｇｈ ｒｉｓｋ ｏｆ ｍｕｌｔｉｐｌｅ ｐｒｅｇｎａｎｃｙ ｗｅｒｅ ａｄｖｉｓｅｄ ａｎｄ ｒｅｃｅｉｖｅｄ ｅＢＣ－ＳＢＴ ｏｎ ｔｈｅｉｒ ｏｗｎ． Ｏｎ ｔｈｅ ｍｏｒｎｉｎｇ ｏｆ Dａｙ-５ ｏｒ Dａｙ-６， ｂｌａｓｔｏｃｙｓｔｓ ｗｅｒｅ ａｓｓｉｇｎｅｄ ａ ｓｃｏｒｅ ａｃｃｏｒｄｉｎｇ ｔｏ ｔｈｅｉｒ ｄｅｇｒｅｅ ｏｆ ｅｘｐａｎｓｉｏｎ ａｎｄ ｈａｔｃｈｉｎｇ ｓｔａｔｕｓ， ｉｎｎｅｒ ｃｅｌｌ ｍａｓｓ， ａｎｄ ｔｒｏｐｈｏｅｃｔｏｄｅｒｍ． Ｏｎｅ ｂｌａｓｔｏｃｙｓｔｓ ｗｏｕｌｄ ｂｅ ｔｒａｎｓｆｅｒｒｅｄ ｉｆ ａｔ ｌｅａｓｔ ｏｎｅ ｂｌａｓｔｏｃｙｓｔｓ ｗｅｒｅ ｇｒａｄｅｄ ＢＢ ｏｒ ｂｅｔｔｅｒ，ｗｈｉｌｅ ｔｗｏ ｂｌａｓｔｏｃｙｓｔｓ ｗｏｕｌｄ ｂｅ ｔｒａｎｓｆｅｒｒｅｄ ｉｆ ｂｌａｓｔｏｃｙｓｔｓ ｗｅｒｅ ｊｕｓｔ ｇｒａｄｅｄ ＢＣ． Ｔｈｏｓｅ ｒｅｆｕｓｅｄ ｔｏ ｐｅｒｆｏｒｍ ｅＢＣ－ＳＢＴ ａｎｄ ｎｏｔ ｍｅｔ ｔｈｅ ｃｒｉｔｅｒｉａ ｗｅｒｅ ｔｒａｎｓｆｅｒｒｅｄ Dａｙ－３ ｃｌｅａｖａｇｅ ｅｍｂｒｙｏｓ． Ｔｈｅ ＣＰＲ， ＭＰＲ ａｎｄ ＭＺＴＲ ｏｆ ｔｈｅ ｎｏ-ｉｎｔｅｒｖｅｎｔｉｏｎ ｇｒｏｕｐ ｖｅｒｓｕｓ ｔｈｅ ｉｎｔｅｒｖｅｎｔｉｏｎ ｇｒｏｕｐ ａｎｄ Dａｙ－３ ｅｍｂｒｙｏ ｔｒａｎｓｆｅｒ ｖｅｒｓｕｓ ｂｌａｓｔｏｃｙｓｔ ｔｒａｎｓｆｅｒ ｉｎ ｔｈｅ ｉｎｔｅｒｖｅｎｔｉｏｎ ｇｒｏｕｐ ｗｅｒｅ ｃｏｍｐａｒｅｄ． Ｒｅｓｕｌｔｓ：①Ｔｈｅ ａｇｅ ｏｆ ｐａｔｉｅｎｔｓ，ｎｕｍｂｅｒ ｏｆ ｏｏｃｙｔｅｓ ａｎｄ ｆｅｒｔｉｌｉｚａｔｉｏｎ ｒａｔｅ ｗｅｒｅ ｓｉｍｉｌａｒ ｂｅｔｗｅｅｎ ｔｈｅ ｉｎｔｅｒｖｅｎｔｉｏｎ ｇｒｏｕｐ ｗｉｔｈ ｅＢＣ－ＳＢＴ ａｎｄ ｔｈｅ ｎｏ－ｉｎｔｅｒｖｅｎｔｉｏｎ ｇｒｏｕｐ（Ｐ＞０．０５）． Ｃｏｍｐａｒｅｄ ｗｉｔｈ ｔｈｅ ｎｏ－ｉｎｔｅｒｖｅｎｔｉｏｎ ｇｒｏｕｐ， ｔｈｅ ｉｎｔｅｒｖｅｎｔｉｏｎ ｇｒｏｕｐ ｈａｄ ｆｅｗｅｒ ｎｕｍｂｅｒ ｏｆ ｔｒａｎｓｆｅｒｒｅｄ ｅｍｂｒｙｏｓ（１．６０±０．５６ ｖｓ． ２．１７±０．５１，Ｐ＜０．０１）， ｈｉｇｈｅｒ ｉｍｐｌａｎｔａｔｉｏｎ ｒａｔｅ（３３．７５％ ｖｓ． ２５．６９％） ａｎｄ ｃｌｉｎｉｃａｌ ｐｒｅｇｎａｎｃｙ ｒａｔｅ（４７．３１％ ｖｓ． ４０．８４％） （Ｐ＜０．０５）， ａｎｄ ｍｕｃｈ ｌｏｗｅｒ ＭＰＲ（１５．３８％ ｖｓ． ２９．３７％， Ｐ＜０．０１）． ②Ｉｎ ｔｈｅ ｉｎｔｅｒｖｅｎｔｉｏｎ ｇｒｏｕｐ， ｆｅｗｅｒ ｅｍｂｒｙｏｓ ｗｅｒｅ ｔｒａｎｓｆｅｒｒｅｄ ａｔ ｔｈｅ ｂｌａｓｔｏｃｙｓｔ ｓｔａｇｅ ｗｈｅｎ ｃｏｍｐａｒｅｄ ｗｉｔｈ Dａｙ－３ ｅｍｂｒｙｏ ｔｒａｎｓｆｅｒ（１．０９±０．２８ ｖｓ． １．９６±０．４0， Ｐ＜０．０１）， ｉｍｐｌａｎｔａｔｉｏｎ ｒａｔｅ ｗａｓ ｈｉｇｈｅｒ（４３．９９％ ｖｓ． ３０．１８％， Ｐ＜０．０１） ａｎｄ ｃｌｉｎｉｃａｌ ｐｒｅｇｎａｎｃｙ ｒａｔｅ ｗａｓ ｓｉｍｉｌａｒ （４７．３５％ ｖｓ． ４７．２９％， Ｐ＞０．０５）， ｗｈｉｌｅ ｔｈｅ ＭＰＲ ｏｆ ｔｈｅ ｂｌａｓｔｏｃｙｓｔ ｔｒａｎｓｆｅｒ ｗａｓ ｓｉｇｎｉｆｉｃａｎｔｌｙ ｌｅｓｓ ｔｈａｎ ｔｈａｔ ｗｉｔｈ ｔｈｅ Dａｙ-３ ｅｍｂｒｙｏ ｔｒａｎｓｆｅｒ． ③ＭＺＴＲｓ ｉｎ ｔｈｅ ｎｏ－ｉｎｔｅｒｖｅｎｔｉｏｎ ｇｒｏｕｐ ａｎｄ ｔｈｅ ｉｎｔｅｒｖｅｎｔｉｏｎ ｇｒｏｕｐ ｄｉｄ ｎｏｔ ｈａｖｅ ｓｉｇｎｉｆｉｃａｎｔ ｄｉｆｆｅｒｅｎｃｅ （１．３２％ ｖｓ． １．６７％， Ｐ＞０．０５）， ａｎｄ ｔｈｅ Dａｙ－３ ｅｍｂｒｙｏ ｔｒａｎｓｆｅｒ ｖｅｒｓｕｓ ｂｌａｓｔｏｃｙｓｔ ｔｒａｎｓｆｅｒ ｉｎ ｔｈｅ ｉｎｔｅｒｖｅｎｔｉｏｎ ｇｒｏｕｐ ｄｉｄ ｎｏｔ ｈａｖｅ ｓｉｇｎｉｆｉｃａｎｔ ｄｉｆｆｅｒｅｎｃｅ， ｔｏｏ（２．５９％ ｖｓ． １．０９％， Ｐ＞０．０５）． Ｃｏｎｃｌｕｓｉｏｎｓ： ｅＢＣ－ＳＢＴ ｕｓｅｄ ａｍｏｎｇ ｇｏｏｄ ｐｒｏｇｎｏｓｉｓ ａｎｄ ｈｉｇｈ ｒｉｓｋ ｏｆ ｍｕｌｔｉｐｌｅ ｐｒｅｇｎａｎｃｙ ｐａｔｉｅｎｔｓ ｃａｎ significantly reduce multiple pregnancies without compromising pregnancy rates， and not increased risk of MZT. Related Articles | Metrics

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The Operating Mechanism of Reproductive Center ＺＨＵ Ｍｉｎ－ｂｏ;ＭＡＯ Ｙｕｎ－ｄｏｎｇ 2012, 31 (1):  42-45.  Abstract ( 2354 )   PDF (289KB) ( 7279 )   n the past 10 years, the assisted reproductive technology (ART) was widely used in clinic. More and more comprehensive clinical centers of reproductive medicine were founded, which had the comprehensive functions of infertility treatment for male and female, genetic diagnosis, clinical and basic research. But there have not been a constant mode how to operate and manage those big comprehensive centers. Through the analysis and comparison of the various operating modes, as well as digital, medical assistant, counseling and other new tools in the reproductive center construction, we discussed the reasonable operation mechanism of the comprehensive reproductive centers. We hoped that this reference should be helpful to develop further the reproductive centers. Related Articles | Metrics

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Ｅｔｈｉｃｓ ｉｎ ＩＶＦ Ｔｅｃｈｎｏｌｏｇｙ： Ｐｒｅｓｅｎｔ ａｎｄ Ｆｕｔｕｒｅ ＳＨＩ Ｘｉａｏ;ＱＵＡＮ Ｓｏｎｇ 2012, 31 (1):  46-48.  Abstract ( 2605 )   PDF (306KB) ( 7240 )   The introduction of in vitro fertilization（ＩＶＦ） ｍａde ａ ｈｕｇｅ ａｄｖａｎｃｅ ｉｎ ｒｅｐｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｖｅ medicine, which was a milestone in progress of basic medicine， including genetics， cellular biology. However, when IVF technology was used in practice many ethical problems appeared， which become more and more important in the modern society. It is necessary to solve these ethical issues rationally. In this review, we summarized the ethical consideration on the society, family, and individual， then proposed our viewpoints. Related Articles | Metrics

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Ethical Consideration of the Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis ＬＵＯ Ｈａｉ－ｎｉｎｇ;ＺＨＡＮＧ Ｙｕｎ－ｓｈａｎ 2012, 31 (1):  49-51.  Abstract ( 1775 )   PDF (235KB) ( 7349 )   Ｐｒｅｉｍｐｌａｎｔａｔｉｏｎ ｇｅｎｅｔｉｃ ｄｉａｇｎｏｓｉｓ ｏｆ ｈｕｍａｎ ｅｍｂｒｙｏ ｗａｓ ｓｕｃｃｅｓｓｆｕｌｌｙ ｃａｒｒｉｅｄ ｏｕｔ ｉｎ ｍａｎｙ ｃｏｕｎｔｒｉｅｓ ｔｏ ｄｅｔｅｃｔ ｓｏｍｅ ｃｈｒｏｍｏｓｏｍｅ ａｎｄ ｓｉｎｇｌｅ ｇｅｎｅ ｄｉｓｅａｓｅｓ． Ａｌｏｎｇ ｗｉｔｈ ｔｈｅ ｔｅｃｈｎｉｑｕｅｓ ｄｅｖｅｌｏｐｍｅｎｔ， ｔｈｅ ＰＧＤ ａｐｐｌｉｃａｔｉｏｎｓ ｗｅｒｅ ｅｘｐａｎｄｅｄ ｃｏｒｒｅｓｐｏｎｄｉｎｇｌｙ ａｎｄ ｃａｕｓｅ ｐｌｅｎｔｙ ｅｔｈｉｃａｌ ｃｏｎｔｒｏｖｅｒｓｙ． Ｗｅ ｓｈｏｕｌｄ ｌｉｍｉｔ ｔｈｅ ＰＧＤ ａｐｐｌｉｃａｔｉｏｎｓ ｃａｕｔｉｏｕｓｌｙ ａｎｄ ｅｓｔａｂｌｉｓｈ ａ ＰＧＤ ｔｅｃｈｎｉｃａｌ ａｎｄ ｅｔｈｉｃａｌ ｇｕｉｄｌｉｎｅ ｓｕｉｔ ｆｏｒ ｏｕｒ ｃｏｕｎｔｒｙ ａｆｔｅｒ ｃｏｍｐｒｅｈｅｎｓｉｖｅ ｃｏｎｓｉｄｅｒａｔｉｏｎ． Related Articles | Metrics

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Ethical Concideration on the Disposition Decision of Frozen Embryos DU Yong-rui;ZHANG Yun-shan 2012, 31 (1):  52-54.  Abstract ( 1680 )   PDF (205KB) ( 7239 )   Ｗｉｔｈ ｔｈｅ ｅｖｅｒ－ｉｎｃｒｅａｓｉｎｇ ｐｏｐｕｌａｒｉｔｙ ａｎｄ ｄｅｖｅｌｏｐｍｅｎｔ ｏｆ ｃｒｙｏｐｒｅｓｅｒｖｅｄ ｅｍｂｒｙｏｓ ｔｅｃｈｎｉｑｕｅ，ａ ｌａｒｇｅ ｎｕｍｂｅｒ ｏｆ ｓｕｒｐｌｕｓ ｅｍｂｒｙｏｓ ｈａｖｅ ｂｅｅｎ ｇｅｎｅｒａｔｅｄ ｗｉｔｈ ｉｎｃｒｅａｓｉｎｇ ｐｅｒｃｅｎｔａｇｅ ｏｆ ａｃｃｕｍｕｌａｔｉｏｎ ｐｒｅｇｎａｎｃｙ． Hｕｎｄｒｅｄｓ ｏｆ ｔｈｏｕｓａｎｄｓ ｏｆ ｆｒｏｚｅｎ ｅｍｂｒｙｏｓ， patients， physicians and embryologists feel it difficult how to deal with. Ａ ｃｅｎｔｒａｌ ｃｈａｌｌｅｎｇｅ was to make ｄｅｃｉｓｉｏｎ of ｔｈｅ ｄｉｓｐｏｓｉｔｉｏｎ ｏｆ ｅｘｃｅｓｓ ｅｍｂｒｙｏｓ． Ｎｏｗ， ｓｏｍｅ ｃｏｕｎｔｒｉｅｓ ｈａｖｅ ｄｅｖｅｌｏｐｅｄ the ｌａｗｓ ｏｒ ｇｕｉｄｅｌｉｎｅｓ ｔｏ ｇｏｖｅｒｎ ｔｈｅ ｄｉｓｐｏｓｉｔｉｏｎ. Rational disposition was three methods， ｄｉｓｐｏｓａｌ， ｄｏｎａｔｉｏｎ ｔｏ ｍｅｄｉｃａｌ ｒｅｓｅａｒｃｈ， ｏｒ donation ｔｏ ａ ｒｅｃｉｐｉｅｎｔ ｉｎｆｅｒｔｉｌｅ ｃｏｕｐｌｅ ｆｏｒ ｉｎｆｅｒｔｉｌｉｔｙ ｔｒｅａｔｍｅｎｔ． Ｉｓｓｕｅｓ ｒｅｌａｔｅｄ ｔｏ ｔｈｅ ｓｕｒｐｌｕｓ ｅｍｂｒｙｏｓ ｍａｙ ｔｒｉｇｇｅｒ ａ ｓｅｒｉｅｓ ｏｆ ｅｔｈｉｃａｌ ａｎｄ ｌｅｇａｌ ｃｏｎｔｒｏｖｅｒｓｉｅｓ． Ｉｎ ｔｈｉｓ ｒｅｖｉｅｗ，ｈｏｗ ｔｏ ｕｎｄｅｒｓｔａｎｄ ａｎｄ ｔｒｅａｔ ｐｒｏｐｅｒｌｙ ｔｈｏｓｅ ｅｔｈｉｃａｌ ｉｓｓｕｅｓ ｗａｓ ｆｏｃｕｓｅｄ． Related Articles | Metrics

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Consideration on Assisted Reproductive Technology Offering Elderly Infertile Women in China ＷＡＮＧ Ｌｉ－ｈｏｎｇ;ＺＨＯＮＧ Ｊｉｎｇ－ｑｉ;ＬＩＡＮ Ｆａｎｇ 2012, 31 (1):  55-57.  Abstract ( 1762 )   PDF (235KB) ( 7266 )   Dｕｅ ｔｏ ｔｈｅ fａｍｉｌｙ pｌａｎｎｉｎｇ ｐｏｌｉｃｙ， ｂｅｉｎｇ ｅｄｕｃａｔｅｄ ａｎｄ ｃａｒｅｅｒ， ｍａｎｙ ｗｏｍｅｎ ｈｏｌｄ ｏｎ ｗｏｒｋ ｐｏｓｔｐｏｎｉｎｇ ｔｈｅｉｒ ｐｒｅｇｎａｎｃｙ ｉｎ ｙｏｕｎｇ ａｇｅ． Ｈｏｗｅｖｅｒ， ｔｈｅ ｌｏｗｅｒ ｒｅｐｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｖｅ ａｂｉｌｉｔｙ ｉｎ ｏｌｄ ａｇｅ ｐｕｓｈｅｄ ｔｈｅｍ ｔｏ ｓｅｅｋ ｔｈｅ ｈｅｌｐ ｏｆ ａｓｓｉｓｔｅｄ ｒｅｐｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｖｅ ｔｅｃｈｎｏｌｏｇｙ（ＡＲＴ）． Ｐｅｒｆｏｒｍｉｎｇ ＡＲＴ ｉｎ ｏｌｄ ｗｏｍｅｎ ｕｓｕａｌｌｙ ｉｎｃｒｅａｓｅｄ ｔｈｅ ｒｉｓｋ ｏｆ ｍｅｄｉｃｉｎｅ ａｎｄ ｅｔｈｉｃｓ， ａｎｄ ｔｈｅ ｐｒｅｇｎａｎｃｅ ｒａｔｅ ｏｆ ＡＲＴ ｉｎ ｏｌｄ ｗｏｍｅｎ ｗａｓ ｌｏｗｅｒ ｔｈａｎ ｔｈａｔ ｉｎ ｙｏｕｎｇ ｌａｄｙ． Ｉｎ Ｃｈｉｎａ， ｔｈｅ ｅｌｄｅｒ ｗｏｍｅｎ ｅｎｃｏｕｎｔｅｒ ｍｕｃｈ ｄｉｆｆｉｃｕｌｔｙ ｉｎ ｓｅｅｋｉｎｇ ＡＲＴ ｈｅｌｐ． Ｉｆ ａｎ ＡＲＴ ｉｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅ ａｃｃｅｐｔｅｄ ｍａｎｙ ｅｌｄｅｒ ｉｎｆｅｒｔｉｌｅ ｗｏｍｅｎ， ｉｔ ｗｏｕｌｄ ｈａｖｅ ａ ｄｅｃｒｅａｓｉｎｇ ｔｈｅｒａｐｅｕｔｉｃ ｅｆｆｉｃａｃｙ ｉｎｄｅｘ ｂｙ ｐｒｅｇｎａｎｃｙ ｒａｔｅ． Ｌｏｗ ｐｒｅｇｎａｎｃｙ ｒａｔｅ ｗｉｌｌ ｍａｋｅ ｔｈｅ ｐａｔｉｅｎｔｓ ｌｏｓｅ ｃｏｎｆｉｄｅｎｃｅ ｉｎ ｃｏｎｔｉｎｕｉｎｇ ｔｈｅｒａｐｙ，ｅｖｅｎ ｍｏｒｅ ｍａｋｅ ｔｈｅ ｉｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅ ｌｏｓｅ ｔｈｅ ｐｒａｃｔｉｔｉｏｎｅｒ ｃｅｒｔｉｆｉｃａｔｅ ｆｒｏｍ ｔｈｅ mｉｎｉｓｔｒｙ ｏｆ pｕｂｌｉｃ hｅａｌｔｈ． Ｉｔ ｉｓ ｔｉｍｅ ｔｏ ｓｏｌｖｅ ｔｈｅ ｓｏｃｉａｌ ｐｒｏｂｌｅｍ ｆｏｒ ｅｌｄｅｒ ｉｎｆｅｒｔｉｌｅ ｗｏｍｅｎ ｓｅｅｋｉｎｇ ｔｈｅ ＡＲＴ ｈｅｌｐ． Ｎｏｔ ｏｎｌｙ ｓｈｏｕｌｄ ｔｈｅ ＡＲＴ ｉｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅｓ ｇｉｖｅ ａ ｃｏｍｐｒｅｈｅｎｓｉｖｅ ａｓｓｅｓｓｍｅｎｔ ｆｏｒ ｔｈｅ ｒｅｐｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｖｅ ｐｏｔｅｎｔｉａｌ ｏｆ ｏｌｄ ｗｏｍｅｎ ｐｅｒｆｏｒｍｉｎｇ ＡＲＴ， ｂｕｔ ｔｈｅｙ ｓｈｏｕｌｄ ｉｍｐｒｏｖｅ ｔｈｅｉｒ ｍｅｄｉｃａｌ ｔｅｃｈｎｏｌｏｇｙ ｆｏｒ ｓｕｃｈ ｐａｔｉｅｎｔｓ． Ｉｎ Ｃｈｉｎａ， ｉｔ ｉｓ ａｌｓｏ ｉｍｐｏｒｔａｎｔ ｆｏｒ ｔｈｅ hｅａｌｔｈ aｕｔｈｏｒｉｔｉｅｓ ｔｏ ｉｎｓｐｅｃｔ ｏｂｊｅｃｔｉｖｅｌｙ ａｎｄ ｆａｉｒｌｙ ｔｈｅ ＡＲＴ ｉｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅｓ． Related Articles | Metrics

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Development and Application of Assisted Reproductive Techniques Database System ＬＩＵ Ｊｉａ－ｙｉｎ;ＭＡＯ Ｙｕｎ－ｄｏｎｇ;ＷＡＮＧ Ｗｅｉ;ＤＩＮＧ Ｗｅｉ;ＣＨＡＩ Ｄｅ－ｃｈｕｎ;ＣＡＩ Ｌｉｎｇ－ｂｏ;ＧＡＯ Ｄｏｎｇ－ｓｈｅｎｇ;ＺＨＡＮＧ Ｗｅｉ;ＱＩ Ｘｉａｏ－ｎｉｎｇ;ＣＨＥＮ Ｍｉｎ－ｆｅｎｇ 2012, 31 (1):  58-62.  Abstract ( 2527 )   PDF (402KB) ( 7421 )   It was very urgent to manage the relevant data of assisted reproductive technologies (ARTs) with the informative technology, for the supervision and management of specifications，the statistical analysis of various types of data， the study of evidence based medicine，and the quality control of ARTs. We developed the clinical assisted reproductive technologies management system software (we named it CCRM) to fulfill the Ministry of Health data reporting requirements and assisted reproductive treatment procedures. This software was based on the general information of ARTs， to collecte，store，retrieve and manage all data from medical records. After covering all aspects of ARTs， CCRM acts as electronic medical records. CCRM system was designed to follow the principles of overall planning， implementation of hierarchical， to make it flexible enough for the present and the future when needed expansion. The system administrators conduct a comprehensive management, while other operators at different levels can make the data impute and output，can check, mine and report, and so on， with their respective permissions. The CCRM relied on database systems in a variety of modules，systematically integrating the entire database，to ensure the security and reliability of the database. The system was designed to have the input interface of comprehensive information，including the flow and storage of gametes，by which any data can be integrallty entried, or be optionally entried. The system achieved one-dimensional and two-dimensional data export and combination on all conditions，so the indexing function was very powerful，so did the function of statistics and calculation. The data of electronic medical record，treatment summary and a variety of reports in this system can be printed effectively. With the support of Ministry of Health，Jiangsu Provincial Health Department and nationwide experts in ARTs area，as the first and free software，CCRM has been promoted to more than 100 centers of reproductive medicine. Via continuous improvement，CCRM must be an important tool in the field of assisted reproduction in future. Related Articles | Metrics

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The Progress of the Prenatal Diagnosis and the Precautions of Cytomegalovirus Infection JU Duan;ZHANG Ying 2012, 31 (1):  63-66.  Abstract ( 1770 )   PDF (246KB) ( 7204 )   Cytomegalovirus（CMV） infection is the most common virus infection during perinatal period. It can cause vertical transmission to infect the fetus. There are 0.4%-2.3% congenital CMV infection infants in all the newborns. Congenital CMV infection can produce various degrees of neurodevelopment disabilities and multi organs damage and do lots of harm to the newborns. However， the damage is irreversible and there is currently no effective therapy. So the prenatal diagnosis of CMV infection and prevention of the infected infants from born are of great importance to promote good prenatal and postnatal care. The author will write a review on the progress of the prenatal diagnosis and the precautions of cytomegalovirus infection. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research Progress on the microRNAs in Female Diseases of Reproductive System HU Miao;OUYANG Ling 2012, 31 (1):  67-70.  Abstract ( 1821 )   PDF (223KB) ( 7181 )   micro-RNAｓ（ｍｉＲＮＡｓ）， ａ ｋｉｎｄ ｏｆ ｓｍａｌｌ ｎｏｎ－ｐｒｏｔｅｉｎ－ｃｏｄｉｎｇ ＲＮＡｓ， ａｐｐｅａｒ ｔｏ ｉｎｔｅｒａｃｔ ｗｉｔｈ ｓｐｅｃｉｆｉｃ ｔａｒｇｅｔ ｍＲＮＡｓ ｔｈｒｏｕｇｈ ｐａｒｔｉａｌｌｙ ｏｒ ｃｏｍｐｌｅｔｅ ｃｏｍｐｌｅｍｅｎｔａｒｉｌｙ． ｍｉＲＮＡｓ ｍａｙ ｒｅｇｕｌａｔｅ ｇｅｎｅ ｅｘｐｒｅｓｓｉｏｎ， ｗｈｉｃｈ ａｆｆｅｃｔ ｃｅｌｌｕｌａｒ ｂｉｏｌｏｇｙ ｆｕｎｃｔｉｏｎ． ｍｉＲＮＡｓ ｍａｙ ａｌｓｏ ｔａｋｅ ｐａｒｔ ｉｎ ｍａｎｙ ｐｒｏｃｅｄｕｒｅｓ ｏｆ ｔｕｍｏｒｉｇｅｎｅｓｉｓ． Ｉｎ ｔｈｉｓ ｒｅｖｉｅｗ， ｗｅ ｉｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｅｄ ｔｈｅ ｒｅｓｅａｒｃｈ ｐｒｏｇｒｅｓｓ ｏｎ ｍｉＲＮＡｓ ｉｎ ｆｅｍａｌｅ ｃｏｍｍｏｎ ｄｉｓｅａｓｅｓ ｏｆ ｒｅｐｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｖｅ ｓｙｓｔｅｍ， ｉｎｃｌｕｄｉｎｇ ｍｉＲＮＡｓ ｄｅｔｅｃｔｉｏｎ， ｔｈｅ ｒｅｌａｔｉｏｎｓｈｉｐ ｂｅｔｗｅｅｎ ｍｉＲＮＡｓ ａｎｄ ｐａｔｈｏｇｅｎｅｓｉｓ ｏｆ ｆａｍａｌｅ ｒｅｐｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｖｅ ｄｉｓｅａｓｅｓ， ｍｅｃｈａｎｉｓｍｓ ｏｆ ｄｉｆｆｅｒｅｎｔｉａｔｉｏｎ ｒｅｌａｔｅｄ ｔｏ ｍｉＲＮＡｓ， ａｎｄ ｐｏｔｅｎｔｉａｌ ａｐｐｌｉｃａｔｉｏｎｓ ｏｆ ｍｉＲＮＡｓ ｉｎ ｔｈｅ ｐｒｏｇｎｏｓｉｓ ａｎｄ ｔｈｅｒａｐｙ Related Articles | Metrics

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Environment of Embryo Implantation in IVF ZHANG Cha-hui;CAI Xia 2012, 31 (1):  71-74.  Abstract ( 2305 )   PDF (231KB) ( 7215 )   Ｔｈｅ ｐｒｅｇｎａｎｃｙ ｒａｔｅ ｏｆ ＩＶＦ－ＥＴ ｉｓ ａｆｆｅｃｔｅｄ ｂｙ ｍａｎｙ ｆａｃｔｏｒｓ， ｏｆ ｗｈｉｃｈ ｅｎｖｉｒｏｎｍｅｎｔ ｏｆ ｅｍｂｒｙｏ ｉｍｐｌａｎｔａｔｉｏｎ ｉｎ ＩＶＦ ｉｓ ａｎ ｉｍｐｏｒｔａｎｔ ｆａｃｔｏｒ ｆｏｒ ｔｈｅ ｔｒｅａｔｍｅｎｔ ｏｕｔｃｏｍｅ． Ｔｈｅ ｗｏｍａｎ＇ｓ ａｇｅ ａｎｄ ＢＭＩ ｉｎｄｅｘ ｈａｖｅ ａ ｎｅｇａｔｉｖｅ ｅｆｆｅｃｔ ｏｎ ｔｈｅ ｅｍｂｒｙｏ ｉｍｐｌａｎｔａｔｉｏｎ ｅｎｖｉｒｏｎｍｅｎｔ ａｎｄ ｐｒｅｇｎａｎｃｙ ｒａｔｅｓ ｂｙ ｄｅｃｒｅａｓｉｎｇ ｅｎｄｏｍｅｔｒｉａｌ ｒｅｃｅｐｉｔｉｖｉｔｙ． Ｉｔ ｉｓ ｓｐｅｃｕｌａｔｅｄ ｔｈａｔ ｅｍｂｒｙｏ ｉｍｐｌａｎｔａｔｉｏｎ ｅｎｖｉｒｏｎｍｅｎｔ ｈａｓ ａｎ ｅｆｆｅｃｔ ｏｎ ｅｍｂｒｙｏ ｑｕａｌｉｔｙ ａｎｄ ｅｎｄｏｍｅｔｒｉａｌ ｒｅｃｅｐｉｔｉｖｉｔｙ． Ｔｈｉｓ ａｒｔｉｃｌｅ ｒｅｖｉｅｗｅｄ ｔｈｅ ｒｅｓｅａｒｃｈ ｐｒｏｇｒｅｓｓ ｏｆ ＩＶＦ－ＥＴ ｅｍｂｒｙｏ ｉｍｐｌａｎｔａｔｉｏｎ ｅｎｖｉｒｏｎｍｅｎｔ， ａｎｄ ｅｆｆｅｃｔｓ ｏｆ ａｇｅ， ＢＭＩ， ｅｎｄｏｍｅｔｒｉａｌ ｒｅｃｅｐｔｉｖｉｔｙ ａｎｄ ｃｅｌｌｕｌａｒ ｆａｃｔｏｒｓ ｏｎ ｔｈｅ ｉｍｐｌａｎｔａｔｉｏｎ ｅｎｖｉｒｏｎｍｅｎｔ． Related Articles | Metrics

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Research Progress on the Cryopreservation for Patients with Cancer FENG Wen-juan;DENG Xiao-hui 2012, 31 (1):  75-78.  Abstract ( 1683 )   PDF (248KB) ( 7218 )   Ｂｅｎｅｆｉｔｅｄ ｆｒｏｍ ａｄｖａｎｃｅｓ ｉｎ ｄｉａｇｎｏｓｅｓ ａｎｄ ｔｒｅａｔｍｅｎｔ ｏｆ ｎｅｏｐｌａｓｉａ， ｆｅｍａｌｅ ｐａｔｉｅｎｔｓ ｗｉｔｈ ｃａｎｃｅｒ ｈａｖｅ ａｃｑｕｉｒｅｄ ｔｈｅ ｐｒｏｌｏｎｇｅｄ ｌｉｆｅ． Ｓｏｍｅ ｏｆ ｔｈｅｍ ｗｉｓｈ ｔｏ ｈａｖｅ ａ ｃｈｉｌｄ， ｗｈｉｃｈ ｉｓ ａ ｎｅｗ ｈｏｔ ｒｅｓｅａｒｃｈ ａｒｅａ ｆｏｒ ｍｅｄｉｃａｌ ｓｔａｆｆ． Ｈｏｗｅｖｅｒ， ｃａｎｃｅｒ ｔｒｅａｔｍｅｎｔ， ｓｕｃｈ ａｓ ｒａｄｉｏｔｈｅｒａｐｙ ｏｒ ｃｈｅｍｏｔｈｅｒａｐｙ，ｃｏｕｌｄ ａｆｆｅｃｔ ｏｖａｒｙ ｆｕｎｃｔｉｏｎ， ｅｖｅｎ ｅｘｈａｕｓｔｉｏｎ ｏｆ ｏｖａｒｙ ｆｕｎｃｔｉｏｎ． Ｃｒｙｏｐｒｅｓｅｒｖａｔｉｏｎ ｏｆ ｔｈｅ ｍａｔｕｒｅｄ ｉｎ ｖｉｔｒｏ ｏｏｃｙｔｅｓ ｉｓ ａ ｐｒｏｍｉｓｉｎｇ ｆｅｒｔｉｌｉｔｙ ｐｒｅｓｅｒｖａｔｉｏｎ ｏｐｔｉｏｎ ｗｉｔｈ ｌｏｗ ｃｏｓｔ， ｓｈｏｒｔ ｔｉｍｅ． Ｉｔ ｉｓ ｆｒｅｅ ｏｆ ｍｅｎｓｔｒｕａｌ ｃｉｒｃｌｅｓ， ａｎｄ ｒｅｌａｔｉｖｅｌｙ ｓａｆｅ ｆｏｒ ｔｈｏｓｅ ｃａｎｃｅｒ ｐａｔｉｅｎｔｓ． Ｉｎ ｔｈｉｓ ｐａｐｅｒ， ｗｅ ｒｅｖｉｅｗｅｄ ｔｈｅ ｐｒｅ－ｉｎｔｅｒｖｅｎｔｉｏｎ ｔｏ ｐａｔｉｅｎｔｓ ｂｅｆｏｒｅ ｒｅｔｒｉｅｖａｌ，ｔｈｅ ａｖａｉｌａｂｌｅ ｍｅｔｈｏｄｓ ｏｆ ｒｅｔｒｉｅｖｉｎｇ ｆｏｌｌｉｃｌｅｓ ａｎｄ ｏｏｃｙｔｅｓ，ｉｎ－ｖｉｔｒｏ ｍａｔｕｒａｔｉｏｎ ｏｆ ｔｈｅ ｉｎｍａｔｕｒｅ ｏｏｃｙｔｅ，ｏｏｃｙｔｅ ｃｒｙｏｐｒｅｓｅｒｖａｔｉｏｎ ｆｏｒ ｔｈｅ ｃｌｉｎｉｃａｌ ｒｅｆｅｒｅｎｃｅｓ． Related Articles | Metrics