端粒和端粒酶在女性生殖健康中的作用

doi:10.12280/gjszjk.20220507

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

端粒是维持染色体长度的DNA-蛋白质复合体，在染色体末端形成保护帽，其长度决定了细胞寿命；端粒酶是一种维持端粒长度和完整性的核糖核蛋白复合物，在抵御细胞复制性衰老过程中意义重大。研究表明，端粒和端粒酶的功能失调将影响细胞的生物学行为，包括细胞周期的稳定性、细胞增殖、凋亡以及衰老。近年来学者关注二者与女性生殖的联系，发现在多囊卵巢综合征、子宫内膜异位症、复发性流产及宫颈癌等不同病理状态下，颗粒细胞与白细胞中端粒长度缩短、端粒酶活性降低。综述端粒和端粒酶功能特点及其在生殖领域研究进展，对一些女性生殖系统疾病的治疗具有指导意义。

关键词: 端粒, 端粒酶, 卵巢功能早衰, 多囊卵巢综合征, 子宫内膜异位症

Abstract:

Telomeres are the DNA-protein complexes that maintain chromosomal length by forming a protective cap at the end of chromosome, which means that the length of telomere determines the cell life. Telomerase plays an important role in resisting cell replicative senescence as a ribonucleoprotein complex that maintains telomere length and integrity. Many studies have shown that the dysfunction of telomere and telomerase affects the biological behavior of cells, including cell cycle stability, cell proliferation, apoptosis and senescence. In recent years, researchers have paid attention to the relationship between telomere, telomerase and female reproduction. It has been found that the telomere lengths in granulosa cells and leukocytes were often be shorten and the telomerase activities were often decreased in different pathological conditions such as polycystic ovary syndrome, endometriosis, recurrent abortion and cervical cancer. This article reviews the functional characteristics of telomere and telomerase, and the research progress in the field of reproduction, which may provide guidance for the treatment of some female reproductive system diseases.

Key words: Telomere, Telomerase, Ovarian failure, premature, Polycystic ovary syndrome, Endometriosis

张安妮, 魏林飞, 李宁, 周昕玥, 张学红. 端粒和端粒酶在女性生殖健康中的作用[J]. 国际生殖健康/计划生育杂志, 2023, 42(2): 145-149.

ZHANG An-ni, WEI Lin-fei, LI Ning, ZHOU Xin-yue, ZHANG Xue-hong. The Role of Telomere and Telomerase in Female Reproductive Health[J]. Journal of International Reproductive Health/Family Planning, 2023, 42(2): 145-149.

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