国际生殖健康/计划生育杂志

国际生殖健康/计划生育 ›› 2016, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (2): 118-122.

• 综述 • 上一篇    下一篇

蛋白质乙酰化与精子DNA稳定性和精子活力

张蓓，崔毓桂   

  1. 210029 南京医科大学第一附属医院生殖医学科
  • 收稿日期:1900-01-01 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:2016-03-15 发布日期:2016-03-15
  • 通讯作者: 崔毓桂

Protein Acetylation Promotes Sperm DNA Stability and Motility

ZHANG Bei，CUI Yu-gui   

  1. Clinical Center of Reproductive Medicine，First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University，Nanjing 210029，China
  • Received:1900-01-01 Revised:1900-01-01 Published:2016-03-15 Online:2016-03-15
  • Contact: CUI Yu-gui

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摘要： 表观遗传学参与调节精子发生和精子形成，其中组蛋白及非组蛋白乙酰化对生精细胞染色质结构重建以及精子活力起关键作用。环磷酸腺苷（cAMP）反应元件连接蛋白（CREB）的结合蛋白（CREB-binding protein，CBP）和p300是两个乙酰化酶，能使核心组蛋白发生乙酰化，其乙酰化作用能被乙酰化酶抑制剂（INHAT）所抑制。睾丸特异的布罗莫结构域（BRDT）蛋白为保守的核蛋白，能够识别乙酰化和非乙酰化的组蛋白。在精子发生早期，BRDT调节基因转录；在精子形成阶段，BRDT识别高度乙酰化组蛋白，接着组蛋白被鱼精蛋白替代，从而使精子形成致密的染色质。非组蛋白α微管蛋白（α-Tubulin）去乙酰化则降低精子活力，在少弱精患者精子中乙酰化α微管蛋白（acetylated α-tubulin，Ac-α-Tu）明显下降。

关键词: 精子发生, 组蛋白类, 后成说, 遗传, 乙酰化作用, 微管蛋白, 不育, 男（雄）性

Abstract: During spermatogenesis, the protein acetylation level regulated by both acetyltransferases (HATs) and histone deacetylases (HDACs) ensures the reconstruction of highly condensed chromatin and sperm motility. The acetyltransferase CREB-binding protein (CBP) and p300 can acetylate all the histones of H2A, H2B, H3 and H4, which can be blocked by the complex of inhibitor of acetyltransferases (INHAT). Testis-specific bromodomain (BRDT) protein, a conserved nucleoprotein member of the bromodomain and extra-terminal (BET) family, can recognize those acetylated or unacetylated histones. BRDT participates in the regulation of gene transcription in the early stage of spermatogenesis; BRDT can recognize the high-acetylated histones, which mediates the replacement from histone to protamine in the elongated spermatids. The deacetylated α-Tubulin, one of nonhistone proteins, impairs the sperm motility. Acetylation α-tubulin (Ac-α-Tu) is reduced in patients with asthenozoosperm.

Key words: Spermatogenesis, Histones, Epigenesis, genetic, Acetylation, Tubulin, Infertility, male